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Speciation without branching of the evolutionary line of descent.
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∙ 9y ago
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Is anagenesis a pattern for the origin of species?
Anagenesis, is a buzz-word based on ana ( re-again, like Anastasia- rebirth)- and Genesis, the origin- the first book in the Bible. I have never heard this usage. I am familiar with Anabaptists, the forerunner of the present Baptist denomination which in more modern language would be re-baptists, who Baptized adults. I have read of Parthenogenesis- genesis of life 9 Outside the walls) for example the so-called Test tube baby, but that is something else. not familiar with anagenesis, Anastasia, Da!
What is a Morphological Rate?
Rate of change of morphological traits, typically measured by quantitative measures - Changes in disparity over time.
How do evolution and speciation relate?
Evolution is the change in populations of organisms over time while speciation is the direct result of natural selection working to select individuals with traits different enough, but beneficial enough, y drive their alleles into greater frequency in popilations so that new species have a chance of arising; either by anagenesis or phylogenesis.
What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?
Punctuated equilibrium is commonly contrasted against phyletic gradualism, the belief that evolution generally occurs uniformly and by the steady and gradual transformation of whole lineages (called anagenesis). In this view, evolution is seen as generally smooth and continuous.
What is one way new species form?
First, you must a have a population of the same species. They must split so that they cannot cross-breed, this can happen by an island or a canyon range. Then, through many generations mutations, genetic drift, gene flow, natural selection and bottleneck effect comes a new species.
If evolution is real why are there still monkeys?
Evolution is the change in populations, not in individuals.Evolution is not a process in which species universally progress up a "ladder".Humans are not descended from any modern species of monkey; both monkeys and humans are descended from some long-extinct ancestor pre-dating both. Although this species, if it were transferred to today, would be considered a "monkey", it is not any living species of monkey.Evolution explains how humans developed from a primate ancestor, but not an extant species of monkey or ape. (Modern primates include: bonobos, chimpanzees, gorillas, baboons, macaques, lemurs, gibbons, and humans. None of these is a descendant of any other.)Speciation can occur by branching into two or more reproductively isolated populations (cladogenesis) or when a single population changes over time to such an extent that the later population is considered a different species (anagenesis).
How can mutations over millions of years lead to new species?
Mutations lead to all sorts of variation in organisms and natural selection selects the best able to adapt to the immediate environment by becoming reproductively successful. Thus alleles change over time in populations of organisms and evolution occurs. One; anagenesis. Where a species just evolves so much that it becomes another species. ( rare and controversial ) Cladogenesis. Where species are split asunder by physical or behavioral reasons and split into two different species.
Where did the horse come from?
In the 1870's, the paleontologist O.C. Marsh published a description of newly discovered horse fossils from North America. At the time, very few transitional fossils were known, apart from Archeopteryx. The sequence of horse fossils that Marsh described (and that T.H. Huxley popularized) was a striking example of evolution taking place in a single lineage. Here, one could see the fossil species "Eohippus" transformed into an almost totally different-looking (and very familiar) descendent, Equus, through a series of clear intermediates. Biologists and interested laypeople were justifiably excited. Some years later, the American Museum of Natural History assembled a famous exhibit of these fossil horses, designed to show gradual evolution from "Eohippus" (now called Hyracotherium) to modern Equus. Such exhibits focussed attention on the horse family not only as evidence for evolution per se, but also specifically as a model of gradual, straight-line evolution, with Equusbeing the "goal" of equine evolution. This story of the horse family was soon included in all biology textbooks. As new fossils were discovered, though, it became clear that the old model of horse evolution was a serious oversimplification. The ancestors of the modern horse were roughly what that series showed, and were clear evidence that evolution had occurred. But it was misleading to portray horse evolution in that smooth straight line, for two reasons: # First, horse evolution didn't proceed in a straight line. We now know of many other branches of horse evolution. Our familiar Equus is merely one twig on a once-flourishing bush of equine species. We only have the illusion of straight-line evolution because Equus is the only twig that survived. (See Gould's essay "Life's Little Joke" in Bully for Brontosaurus for more on this topic.) # Second, horse evolution was not smooth and gradual. Different traits evolved at different rates, didn't always evolve together, and occasionally reversed "direction". Also, horse species did not always come into being by gradual transformation ("anagenesis") of their ancestors; instead, sometimes new species "split off" from ancestors ("cladogenesis") and then co-existed with those ancestors for some time. Some species arose gradually, others suddenly. Overall, the horse family demonstrates the diversity of evolutionary mechanisms, and it would be misleading -- and would be a real pity -- to reduce it to an oversimplified straight-line diagram. With this in mind, I'll take you through a tour of the major genera of the horse family, Equidae. CAUTION: I will place emphasis on those genera that led to the modern Equus. Do not be misled into thinking that Equus was the target of evolution! Bear in mind that there are other major branches of the horse tree that I will mention only in passing. (See the horse tree for a lovely ASCII depiction.) Small preface: All equids (members of the family Equidae) are perissodactyls -- members of the order of hoofed animals that bear their weight on the central 3rd toe. (Other perissodactyls are tapirs and rhinos, and possibly hyraxes.) The most modern equids (descendents of Parahippus) are called "equines". Strictly speaking, only the very modern genus Equus contains "horses", but I will call all equids "horses" rather indiscriminately. Most horse species, including all the ancestors of Equus, arose in North America. visit http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/horses/horse_evol.html for more info
What are 10 letter words that end with S?
There are more than 8,000 English ten-letter words that end with S. Here are the ones that start with A: aardwolves, abandoners, abasements, abashments, abatements, abdicators, abducentes, abductions, abductores, aberrances, abeyancies, abjections, abjectness, abnegators, abolishers, abolitions, abominates, aborigines, abruptions, abruptness, absconders, absorbants, absorbents, abstainers, abstemious, absurdisms, absurdists, absurdness, abundances, academisms, acanthuses, acaricides, accentless, accessions, accidences, accipiters, acclaimers, acclimates, accordions, accretions, accuracies, acephalous, acerbities, acetamides, acetylates, acetylenes, achalasias, achinesses, acidifiers, acidnesses, acidophils, acidulates, acquiesces, acquittals, acquitters, acridities, acrimonies, acritarchs, acrobatics, acrophobes, actionless, activators, activeness, activities, actualizes, actuations, acyclovirs, acylations, adamancies, addictions, addressees, addressers, adductions, adenitises, adenosines, adenovirus, adequacies, adherences, adipocytes, adjectives, admeasures, admissions, admixtures, admonishes, adorations, adornments, adroitness, adsorbates, adsorbents, adulations, adulterers, adulteress, adulteries, adulterous, adulthoods, adumbrates, advantages, advections, adventives, adventures, adverbials, advertises, advertizes, advisories, advocacies, advocators, aerialists, aerobatics, aerobioses, aerobiosis, aerobrakes, aerodromes, aerologies, aerometers, aeronomers, aeronomies, aeroplanes, aerospaces, aesthetics, aestivates, affections, affectless, affidavits, affiliates, affinities, affixments, afflatuses, affluences, affricates, aflatoxins, aftercares, afterclaps, afterdecks, afterglows, afterlives, aftermaths, afternoons, aftertimes, afterwards, afterwords, agapanthus, agednesses, agendaless, aggravates, aggregates, aggressors, agitations, agreements, agrimonies, agrologies, agronomies, airbrushes, aircoaches, airinesses, airstreams, aitchbones, alabasters, alacrities, alacritous, albuminous, alchemists, alchemizes, alcoholics, alderflies, alexanders, alfilarias, algaecides, algarrobas, algidities, algologies, algorithms, alienators, alignments, alinements, aliterates, alkalifies, allantoins, allegories, allemandes, allergists, allethrins, alleviates, alliaceous, alligators, allocators, allogamies, allogamous, allografts, allographs, allomorphs, allophanes, allophones, allosaurus, allotments, allotropes, allotypies, allowances, almandines, almandites, almsgivers, almshouses, alpenglows, alpenhorns, alphosises, altercates, alternates, altimeters, altiplanos, aluminates, aluminiums, aluminizes, amanuenses, amanuensis, amassments, amazements, amazonites, amberjacks, amblyopias, ambrotypes, ambulances, ambuscades, amebocytes, amendments, americiums, ametropias, amiantuses, ammoniates, ammonifies, amoebiases, amoebiasis, amoralisms, ampersands, amphibians, amphibious, amphiboles, amphimixes, amphimixis, amplexuses, amplidynes, amplifiers, amplitudes, amusements, amygdalins, amylopsins, amyotonias, anablepses, anabolisms, anadromous, anageneses, anagenesis, analeptics, analgesias, analgesics, analgetics, analogists, analogizes, analysands, anapestics, anaplasias, anarchisms, anarchists, anasarcous, anatomises, anatomists, anatomizes, anatropous, ancestress, ancestries, anchorages, anchorites, anchorless, anchovetas, andantinos, andouilles, andradites, androgynes, andromedas, aneuploids, angiograms, anglesites, angleworms, anglicises, anglicisms, anglicizes, anhedonias, anhydrides, anhydrites, anilinctus, animaliers, animalisms, animalizes, animations, anklebones, annelidans, annotators, announcers, annoyances, annualizes, annuitants, annulments, anorectics, anorthites, antechoirs, antennules, anthelices, anthelions, anthelixes, anthocyans, anthozoans, anthuriums, antiauxins, antibioses, antibiosis, antibodies, anticaries, anticlines, anticodons, antiheroes, antiherpes, antiknocks, antilogies, antimonies, antimycins, antinomies, antinovels, antipodals, antiquarks, antiquates, antirabies, antisepses, antisepsis, antiserums, antistress, antitheses, antithesis, antitoxins, antitrades, antivenins, antonymies, antonymous, apartheids, apartments, aphaereses, aphaeresis, apiologies, apoapsides, apocarpies, apoenzymes, apologises, apologists, apologizes, apophonies, apoplexies, apospories, aposporous, apostacies, apostasies, apotheoses, apotheosis, apparitors, appellants, appendages, appendants, appendices, appendixes, appertains, appetences, appetisers, appetizers, applauders, applecarts, applejacks, appliances, applicants, appointees, apportions, appraisals, appraisees, appraisers, apprehends, approaches, approbates, aquaplanes, aquarelles, aquiferous, aquilegias, arabesques, arabicizes, arabinoses, arachnoids, aragonites, araucarias, arbitrages, arbitrates, arboretums, arccosines, archangels, archetypes, archfiends, architects, archivists, archivolts, archnesses, archosaurs, arecolines, arenaceous, areologies, argentines, argentites, argillites, arhatships, aridnesses, armadillos, armigerous, armistices, aromatizes, arquebuses, arrearages, arrestants, arrivistes, arrogances, arrowheads, arrowroots, arrowwoods, arrowworms, arsenicals, artemisias, arterioles, artfulness, arthritics, arthropods, artichokes, artificers, artinesses, artistries, arytenoids, asafetidas, asbestoses, asbestosis, asbestuses, ascariases, ascariasis, ascendants, ascendents, ascensions, ascertains, asclepiads, ascorbates, ascospores, ashinesses, aspartames, aspartates, asperities, aspersions, asphaltums, aspirators, assailants, assaulters, assemblers, assemblies, assertions, assistants, associates, assonances, assumpsits, assurances, asthmatics, astonishes, astrakhans, astrocytes, astrodomes, astrolabes, astronauts, astuteness, asymptotes, asyndetons, ataractics, athanasies, athenaeums, athrocytes, atmometers, atonalisms, atonalists, atonements, atrocities, attainders, attendants, attentions, attenuates, attractors, attributes, attritions, aubergines, audacities, audiograms, audiotapes, auditories, augmenters, augmentors, augustness, auriferous, auslanders, auspicious, austenites, autarchies, auteurists, authorises, authorizes, autobusses, autoclaves, autoecious, autoecisms, autogamies, autogamous, autogenies, autogenous, autografts, autographs, autologous, automakers, automatics, automatons, autonomies, autonomous, autopilots, autoroutes, autotomies, autotomous, autotrophs, autotypies, auxotrophs, avalanches, avaricious, averseness, aviatrices, aviatrixes, avidnesses, avocations, avoidances, awaynesses, axialities, axillaries, axiologies, ayahuascas, ayatollahs, azeotropes
Can you list all the words in the world that have an A in them?
A (aminoacyl) site A form DNA a(n)- A-factor A-protein A23187 Ab initio gene prediction ab- abaxial Abbreviated New Drug Application ABC proteins ABCD rating abdomen abdominal abetalipoproteinemia abiogenesis abiotic abiotic factors abiotic stress ablation abnormal ABO blood group aboral end abortion abortive abortive transduction abscess abscise abscisic acid abscission zone absolute zero absorbance optics absorptive endocytosis abyssal zone abzyme acanthocarpa acanthodes acariasis acaricide acarodomatia acaulescent accelerated run acceptor acceptor arm acceptor end acceptor stem accessory cell accessory pigment accessory protein acclimation accommodation accrete accumbent accuracy acellular acellular vaccine acentric chromosome acentric fragment aceriform acerose acervulus acesulfames acetaminophen acetic acid acetyl group acetylcholine acetylcholine receptor channel Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Achaete-scute complex (AS-C) achene achenecetum achenocarp Achilles tendon achiral achlamydeous achlorophyllous achondroplasia acid Acid phosphatase acid rain acid-base reaction acid-ionization constant acidic oxide acidosis acini acne acoelomate acre acrocentric Acrocentric chromosome acrosomal vesicle acrosome ACTH actin action potential activate Activated Support activation energy activation energy (deltaG) Activator and Dissociation active immunity active site active transport actuator acute acyl-CoA acyl-CoA synthetase ad- adaptation adaptive landscape adaptive peak adaptive radiation additive genetic effects additive genetic variance additive model adductor longus adenine adenocarcinoma adenosine adenosine deaminase deficiency adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Adenovirus adfluvial ADH adhesion adipocyte adipose tissue adjacent segragation adjacent-1 segregation adjacent-2 segregation adjuvant ADME ADMETox drug screening adrenal adrenal cortex adrenal glands adrenal medulla adrenalectomy adrenaline adrenergic adrenergic receptors adrenocorticotropic hormone adult-onset adventitious root aerial root aerobic aerobic respiration Aeronomy affected affected relative pair afferent afferent arteriole affinity agar agarose age structure agent agglutination aggrade aggregate aggregates aggregation technique aggresome agitator agonist Agricultural Development and Advisory Service Agrobacterium AIDS-related complex AKT Alagille Syndrome Alanine albedo albino albumen albumin alcoholic fermentation Aldehyde dehydrogenase aldosterone algae alkali metal alkaline earth metal alkaline phosphatase alkalosis alkylating agent allantois allele allele frequency allele specific hybridization Allele specific polymerase chain reaction Allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) allelic allelic exclusion allergen allergy allergy mediator allo- allogeneic allogeneic antigen allogeneic graft allogenic allograft allometric growth allopatric speciation allopolyploid allosteric change allosteric protein allotype alloy allozygosity allozyme alpha globulin alpha helix Alpha-fetoprotein alpha-linolenic acid Alphamethylstyrene alpine altered alternate segregation alternation of generations alternative pathway alternative splicing altruism Alu family alveolar duct alveolar epithelium alveolar ventilation alveolate alveoli Alzheimer's Disease amber codon amber suppressor ambi- ambient Ames test amino acid amino group aminoacyl-tRNA aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase Aminoglycosides aminotransferase ammonia amniocentesis Amniography amnion amniote Amniotic fluid amoebocyte amorph Amphetamine amphi- amphibian amphidiploid Amphimixis amphipathic amphoteric amphotropic virus amplexus Amplicon amplification amplification of DNA Amplified fragment length polymorphism ampoule ampulla ampullae amu amygdala amylase amyloid amyloidogenesis amyloidosis amylose Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis amyotrophy anabolic anabolism anadromous anaerobe anaerobic respiration anagenesis analog analogous enzymes analogous structure analogy analysis analysis of variance analyst Analyte analytical chemistry anaphase anaphase I anaphase II anaphylatoxin anaphylaxis anastomose anatomy anaxonal neuron ancestor ANDA androecium androgen androgen receptor (AR) anemia anencephaly aneuploid aneuploidy angiogenesis angiosperm angiotensin Angstrom (Å ) animal animal behavior animal breeding animal model Animalia anion anisogamous anisogamy Anlage annealing annelid Annotation annual annual rings annulate anode ANOVA Antagonist antagonistic muscles antagonistic pleiotropy anterior anterior horn anther antheridia anthesis anthocyanin Anthropometric anti- anti-hypertensive drugs anti-inflammatory cytokines anti-oncogene anti-tumor drug antiarrhythmic antiasthmatic antibiotic antibiotic resistance antibody antibody assays antibody formation antibody specificity Anticipation anticipatory postural activity anticoagulant anticoding strand anticodon anticonvulsant antidiuretic hormone antigen antigen binding site antigen processing antigen receptor antigen-presenting cell (APC) antigenic determinant antigenic switching antimicrobial agent antimorph antioxidant antiparallel antipyrine antisense antisense RNA antiterminator protein anus aorta AP endonuclease AP site AP-1 APC APCI apex apical meristems Apogamy apolipoprotein Apomixis apoplast apoplastic apoprotein apoptosis appendicular skeleton appendix Application aprotinin aqueous humor aqueous solution aquifer arachidonic acid Archaea archegonia archenteron archeocyte arcuate nucleus arcuatus area postrema Arginine Argon armpit Arrayed library Arrestins Arrhenius acid arrow diagram arterial Arteriogram arteriole artery arthritis arthro arthropod artifact artificial insemination (A.I.) artificial selection ascending limb ascomycete ascospore ascus (asci) Asparagine Aspartame Aspartic acid aspiration aspirin assay Assembly assignment test assortative mating aster asthma astrocyte astrocytosis asymmetric division asymptomatic ataxia ataxia-telangiectasia atmospheric pressure chemical ionization atom atomic mass atomic mass unit atomic number atomic weight atopy ATP synthase atrazine Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) atrial natriuretic factor receptors atriopore atrioventricular node atrioventricular valve atrium atrophy attached X attenuation attenuator attenuator stem attract auditory nerve auricle autoantibody Autocatalytic Reaction autochthonous autoecology autogamy autograft autoimmune disease autoimmunity autologous automixis autonomic nervous system autonomous replication sequence (ARS) autonomous specification autopolyploid autoradiography autoregulation autosomal dominant autosomal recessive autosomal set autosome autotroph autozygosity autozygous auxin auxotroph auxotrophic mutant average average molecular weight avidity Avogadro's law Avogadro's number (N) Avuncular relationship axial skeleton axil axilla axon axoneme azoic
Can you get ten words with ten letters?
Ten words of ten letters are:acceptancebeauticiancreativitydictionaryefficiencyfertilizergenerationhorizontalimpatiencejeopardize
