In Marxian economics, economic reproduction refers to recurrent (or cyclical) processes by which the initial conditions necessary for economic activity to occur are constantly re-created.Economic reproduction involves physical production and distribution of goods and services, the trade (the circulation via exchanges and transactions) of goods and services, and the consumption of goods and services. Karl Marx developed the original insights of Quesnayto model the circulation of capital, money and commodities in the second volume of Das Kapital, to show how the reproduction process which must occur in any type of society can take place in capitalist society, by means of the circulation of capital.
Marx distinguishes between "simple reproduction" and "expanded (or enlarged) reproduction".In the former case, no economic growth occurs, while in the latter case, more is produced than is needed to maintain the economy at the given level, making economic growth possible. In the capitalist mode of production, the difference is that in the former case, the new surplus value created by wage-labour is spent by the employer on consumption (or hoarded), whereas in the latter case, part of it is reinvested in production.
Ernest Mandel additionally refers in his two-volume Marxist economic theory to contracted reproduction, meaning production on a smaller and smaller scale, in which case business operating at a loss outnumbers growing business (e.g. in wars, depressions, or disasters).Reproduction in this case continues to occur, but investment, employment and output fall absolutely, so that the national income falls. In the Great Depression of the 1930s, for example, about one-quarter of the workers became unemployed; as a result of the 2008/2009 slump, the unemployed labour force increased by about 30 million workers (a number approximately equal to the total workforce of France, or Britain).
natural breeding is when two animals "hook up" and and sperm from the male enters the female and the female has a pup,baby,kitten,fawn,etc.
is dog breeding an example of natural selection
ALL DOG WERE CREATED BY MAN FROM SELECTIVE BREEDING OF WOLFS AND ONLY HAVE ONE NATURAL ENEMY-THE CREATOR-MAN.
Extinction of mangroove forests which are the natural breeding sites of roseate spoonbill has made the species endangered.
They are not. Cattle (cows and heifers) are bred either via artificial insemination, or natural breeding.
Natural - human breasts. Man made - all those weird dogs in dog shows.
Artificial and natural breeding.
is dog breeding an example of natural selection
natural selection
no, it is a natural instinct.
False, dog breeding would be an example of Artificial Selection.
False, dog breeding would be an example of Artificial Selection.
The similarity between natural selection and selective breeding is that they both produce changes in plants and animals.
elective breeding
Natural Selection is different from Selective Breeding beacuse the environment controls the traits the animal or plant gets. Selective Breeding is the traits desired are the ones bred
Natural selection
natural selecion
Natural selection means survival (and breeding) of the fittest, it is key to the evolutionary process.