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Why is fish called cold blooded animal?

Updated: 8/11/2023
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13y ago

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One reason might be the 'false economy' of having to heat up their bodies. Approximately 80% of human energy goes towards heating our bodies to a stable temperature. However, for fish and reptiles to do this, it may not have been a evolutionary advantage. For example snakes and crocodiles can gorge themselves on one large meal and then not have to feed again for months. This would not be possible if they had a 'central heating system'. Likewise fish would need to devote large amounts of energy towards heating up their bodies in colder water and it makes sense for them to merely adapt to it instead. An example of this is the fact that although fish are exothermic, many species are capable of surviving in large temperature variations (so long as they are not too rapid) that would quickly kill most mammals. Therefore although mammals are warm blooded, they are far less tolerant of changes in temperature that deviate too far from whatever their species ideal is.

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Unlike mammals and birds, most fishes have no way to control their body temperature. This means that the temperature of there blood depends on the environment which they are in. This means that if they are in cold water, their blood will be cold.

However, most "cold-blooded" animals will seek out warm environments because it is easier for them to live when they are warmer. So, fishes in warm environments are technically not cold blooded.

For this reason, scientists do not use the term "cold blooded". Instead they use ectothermic, meaning they get their heat from an external source.

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