Yes, he can
WHY? More than their employers and more than their employer's want to pay them, so what is up with this?
All the employees are entitled to receive PF from their employer if the employer has more than 20 employees
How do I qualify for a COBRA extention, my employer does have more than 20 employees
Yes. There is a scheme called Voluntary Provident Fund - VPF through which you can contribute more than 12% to your PF Account
Yes. You contribute half from your earned wages, and your employer matches that amount from company funds, for a total of 15.3% of your income (or less, if you earn more than $106,800 per year). Your employer is responsible for making the FICA contributions and for handling any other administrative work.
Certainly. No law requires the employer to do more than pay you for hours worked.
See Publication 969. You must be able to receive the maximum amount you have elected to contribute at any time. If you have received more than you contributed the Employer can not recover it from the Employee. They are "at risk" for the full amount you "elected to contribute" at the beginning of the year.
Yes, you can. It will probably cost you more in legal fees than you'll get from your employer, but you can do it.
Featherbedding
Yes.as long as you do not contribute more than your annual limit.
They have a larger population, so they contribute to more than a smaller state would.
It's not unusual for an employer to expect more out of employees who make more money than others. The treatment would have to be blatantly unreasonable and unfair for there to be a discrimination case.