The mass of matter explains the warping effect of space but what gives the matter mass in the first place? Theorists say there is a large particle, which is a product of symmetry, that gives things mass. And that particle is the Higgs boson.
As for gravitons, these are the (theorized) gauge bosons that transmit gravitational force. Think of photons. They transmit electromagnetic forces. The graviton just does the same for gravity. Links can be found below for more information.
Said another way, all matter has mass, and things with mass exhibit gravity, and, therefore "warp" spacetime. This we know. But this doesn't do away with the "need" for the Higgs boson and gravitons (or something else) that actually explains mass and why things with mass exhibit the property of having gravity and "bending" spacetime. We still need an explanation for the observable facts, (mass = gravity = deformation of spacetime), and the mechanism that "carries" these properties and "causes" them is theorized to the be the Higgs boson. (Further, if not the Higgs and gravitons, what is it, then, that underpins the characteristics of matter?)
quarks and leptons, held together by gluons, W+ bosons, W- bosons, photons, and gravitons
quarks and leptons, held together by gluons, W+ bosons, W- bosons, photons, and gravitons
quarks and leptons, held together by gluons, W+ bosons, W- bosons, gravitons, and photons
Yes, Gravitons are hypothetical sub-atomic particles / gauge bosons. These bosons are predicted to behave similarly to photons, having zero rest mass and infinite range, their force is predominant over very large distances. Like all gauge bosons, these are the mediators of what we experience as "force".
No one really knows... In general relativity it is mass bends spacetime, bent spacetime deflects path of mass. In standard model it is gravitons: massless intermediate vector bosons exchanged between particles having mass always conveying an attractive force. In a unified theory (if one is ever developed) it might be something else that we can't even imagine at this time.
Gauge bosons are elementary particles (subatomic particles). An elementary particle is a substance that can not be broken down anymore. So to answer your question: Gauge bosons are the forces of what makes up nature. For example: Photon=electromagnetic force, gluon=strength, z and w bosons=weakness and gravitons=gravity (not yet observed). The different particles can be found on the Elementary particle table. I hope this partially answers your question.
There are. They include gluons, photons, and bosons, along with small amounts of gravity from gravitons.
You're most likely asking about the neutron. However, there are others, like neutrinos (all three types), pions, kaons, eta mesons, as well as the sigma, the lambda, and the xi particles
The weak nuclear force is transmitted by gauge bosons, these bosons are W+, W- and Z bosons.
Bosons are the carriers of forces. Examples are the photon, gluon, W and Z bosons, and the not yet found Higgs boson and the graviton.
I have no idea what you mean by "the two things that make up matter". Perhaps if you could tell us what you believe these two things are, we could define them for you.There are a lot more than two elementary particles. The Standard Model has at least 18: quarks (six types), leptons (six types), and six bosons (photons, gluons, 2 W bosons, the Z boson, and the Higgs boson). You can quibble about whether or not some of the bosons are "matter" if you like, but even discounting all of them that's still significantly more than two, and that's not even counting hypothetical but as-yet-unobserved particles like gravitons.
Bosons are subatomic particles which have integer spin and obey Bose-Einstein statistics. There can be more than one boson at a given point in space with the same quantum state. Bosons are the force carriers. Known bosons are the photon (light), the gluon (strong force), the neutral weak force carrier, and the charged weak force carrier.