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Fiber optics, using optical fiber, are specially designed to implement total internal reflection. A signal passed from one end of the fiber to the other end of the fiber is a single beam of light that repeatedly bounces off the edges of the fiber until it reaches it's destination. By scratching the outside of an optical fiber, this property can be disrupted causing the signal to be lost.

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Q: How a scratch outside of an optical fiber might cause problems?
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