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How a transistor work as an amplifier and as a switch?

Updated: 8/20/2019
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11y ago

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"Transistor" name itself revels it transfers resistance from its input to its output (Transfer of resistance). Input resistance varies when input voltage varies, similarly output resistance varies and this leads to voltage variation at the output. Thus input to output voltage variation is called amplification. this is how transistor can be used as an amplifier.

If input voltage is minimum output voltage becomes maximum i.e. its output resistance becomes maximum in common emitter configuration. Thus if no voltage is applied at the input its collector resistance becomes infinite or as if open circuit. Similarly if input current is increased output current increases and out put can behave as short circuit. This is how output current can be switched off or on using no input current or with minute input current.

Unlike a digital device, the transistor is an analogue device which can be switch on/off to maximum or any gradient in between. Providing a small AC voltage to the base creates an amplified analogue of this signal across the emitter and collector.

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Q: How a transistor work as an amplifier and as a switch?
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