They showed that DNA contains genetic information.
They showed that DNA carries genetic information.
Griffith, Avery, Hershey, and Chase
In 1928, Frederick Griffith was able to transform harmless bacteria into virulent pathogens with an extract that Oswald Avery proved, in 1944, to be DNA. In 1952, Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey used radioactively labeled virus DNA to infect bacteria, proving the same point.
DNA
In 1944, Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty published a paper demonstrating that DNA was the transforming factor.Their discovery was at first met with disbelief by some scientists, who thought that only proteins could have enough complexity to hold genetic information. Also, for a while some scientists thought bacteria might have a different genetic chemistry from other organisms.Avery
The first major experiment that led the discovery of DNA as the genetic material was performed by Griffith and Avery. They studied 2 strains of bacteria "Streptococcus Pneumonia, which causes pneumonia. They found that one strain could be transformed into other forms of bacteria and germs.
In 1928, Fred Griffith inoculated mice with different kinds of viruses and found that there was some kind of transforming agent within the bacterial cells that changed them.It wasn't until later on, in 1932, when Oswald Avery figured out that this transforming agent was probably DNA.Then later still, in 1952, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase reenacted Griffith's experiment and confirmed that DNA was indeed the transforming agent to change cells.
Friedrich Miescher performed experiments in the lab at the University of Tubingen in 1868. He experimented with the chemical composition of leukocytes, and these experiments led to the discovery of DNA.
Avery concluded that DNA is the molecule that changed bacteria.
American biologist Oswald Avery and his colleagues took Griffith's experiments one step further. To test whether protein was the transforming factor, they treated Griffith's mixture of heat-treated deadly strain and live harmless strain with protein-destroying enzymes. The bacterial colonies grown from the mixture were still transformed. Avery and his colleagues concluded that protein could not be the transforming factor.
It is not Hershey and Chase !! It is Oswald Avery that conducted these experiments!
Griffith's Discovery of Transformation Avery's Experiments with nucleic acidsHershey-Chase Experiment