Linux Mint, like Ubuntu and most other Debian-based distros, do not enable the root account by default. If you need root permissions to do something, enter the command
sudo [whatever program you want to run]
and enter your password when prompted.
you can find all the usb attached to linux by lsusbcommand in terminal !
In terminal use the following command. php -ver
type on a Linux terminal: ifconfig Note: it is ipconfig in Windows.
One might find a Linux download for free at: Computer Hope, UBuntu, Softpedia, Kioskea, Linux Mint, Hungry Penguin,Software Archives, and PC Advisor.
I find that my four computers using Linux (Ubuntu, Mint) are much quicker to reboot than my wife's single Windows 7 computer.
Linux is not an operating system by itself. Just like you cannot install Windows you have to install Windows XP or Windows Vista. You can use the website in related links to find a list of active Linux Distributions. If I could recommend one I would recommend Linux Mint because it is easy to use.
If you have to do any kind of server maintenance (especially remote) then yes terminal emulation software is very important. I use linux and often drop into a terminal to do certain tasks that I find annoying or slow from a GUI.
"Types" of Linux are Called Linux Distributions. Linux by itself is only a kernel, you need more than that for a full system, to get this, distro's were develpoed to include all of this to make a Linux system easier to install. Popular Distro's Are Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, RHEL, Linux Mint, Arch Linux, OpenSUSE, etc, you can find more at distrowatch
There is no one "current Linux operating system" due to the fact that Linux is developed and distributed in various forms by many different individuals and corporations. The current version of Linux depends on which of these "distributions" you are interested in installing. For example, a popular distribution of Linux tailored for use as a Desktop system is Ubuntu (www.ubuntu.com), which is distributed by the company Canonical. The current release of Ubuntu is 8.04, which was released in April this year. There are literally hundreds of distributions freely available online, but other distributions which are of note in the desktop arena include Fedora (www.fedoraproject.org), openSUSE (www.opensuse.org) and Debian (www.debian.org), each of which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Each distribution has its own release schedule, but you can find out what the current version is (and download it) from the official websites.
Try the man pages. In a terminal type man shutdown
Try: server. If you don't have a password, the only other option is to hack the terminal. Tip. Each terminal will give you four attempts to find the correct password, if the forth attempt is incorrect the terminal locks and you will not be able to try again. However, if after three attempts you have failed to choose the correct one, hit the red button at the bottom right corner of the terminal to quit, then go back and try again, you get four more attempts, you can repeat this process as many times as you wish without getting locked out.
Enter "java -version" into a terminal. If Java is installed, it will tell you the version number. If it is not installed, it will say "command not found."