The trait, 'to live longer ', would only be selected for in individuals if it was reproductively successful. Then the alleles for living longer would be more frequently represented in the population of these animals.
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The question answers itself: the characteristic is passed onto few or no offspring, and therefore will not spread throughout the population.
it relies upon the population
Natural selection is the most powerful driver of evolution and it is the only mechanism of evolution ( genetic drift and gene flow are two other mechanisms ) that leads to adaptive change. Natural selection is the nonrandom survival and reproductive success of of randomly varying organisms. Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms.
Perhaps not, but evolution can exist without natural selection.
If there is not reproductive fitness conveyed by a variant trait, then natural selection has nothing to select and nothing to promote into the populational gene pool.
The question answers itself: the characteristic is passed onto few or no offspring, and therefore will not spread throughout the population.
Evolution, of course. Evolution can happen without natural selection in some cases; drift, flow. Generally though, natural selection causes evolution and then, by definition, would come first.
The generally accepted theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by Charles Darwin
The generally accepted theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by Charles Darwin
Adaptive change is the province of natural selection and natural selection is one of the main drivers of evolution. Natural selection selects from the individuals variations in a population of organisms on, basically, reproductive success and this adaption is passed on to progeny which changes the allele frequency in the population which is evolution.
These are called adaptations.
it relies upon the population
Stabilizing selection occurs when the extreme forms of some trait are selected against by natural selection. It is a force of natural selection which causes evolution (definition: change of allele frequency in a population divided by time).
No. Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms. This may be the result of stabilizing selection, but is still evolution.
How it can change in response to its enviroment
Population is the unit of evolution. A population is defined as a group of organisms of a particular species that inhabits a particular area. Natural selection acts on traits within that population that are beneficial in the particular area. Another population of the same species may be under different selective pressures (as it is found in a different location), and natural selection may therefore act on different traits within that second population. The two populations, thus, may evolve differently. Therefore, the unit of evolution is the population, not species.
Evolution through natural selection occurs slowly over millions of years. It has been hypothesized that evolution is the result of positive mutations that occur in a community of organisms that help them survive better. Evolution is essentially descent with modification.