How is electricity generated and reaches your homes?

Answer 1

A simple answer:

There are many ways to generate energy like coal/oil thermal power plants, hydro power plants, nuclear power plants etc.,

The power is generated there and stepped up to be sent through long transmission lines to the grids. After reaching a distribution node, power is sent to substations and then it is stepped down by the Transformers and finally reaches the home (230V, 117V, or whatever).

Among all the power generating schemes many boil water and use the steam to run turbines connected to generators which produce the electricity.

Photovoltaics turn light into electricity directly (a very small portion of all electricity reaching homes is photovoltaic).

Flowing wind and water can also drive generators to create electricity. Much of northern Europe has a great deal of hydroelectric power.

Peizo is another renewable source to produce electricity.In this we place the peizo electric capsules on the busy roads or on the busy staircase such that mechanical stress developed along with the gravitational force cause mechanical force such that it is turned into electricity, only minute amounts are generated and probably none reaches the grid and residential homes yet.

There are more methods to produce the electricity including tidal, wave, geothermal, used in lesser or greater quantities where these resources are less or more plentiful.

As a part of the electric power transmission system, substations play a key role such with the use of transformers, lightening arresters, circuit breakers, busbars, instrumental transformers etc.

Distribution transformers are among the equipment closest to the home.

Answer 2

Steam is generated at the electricity plant by the burning of fossil

fuels - or at a nuclear or hydroelectric plant.The steam powers a

turbine which spins a huge magnet inside a copper wire. Heat energy

converts to mechanical energy which then converts to electrical

energy in the generator.Elecricity flows from the power plant

through wires to the step up transformer. The transformer raises

the pressure so it can travel long distances - its raised

as high as 756,000 volts.The electric current then runs through

the power lines to the substation transformer where pressure is

lowered to between 2000 and 13000 volts. Electricity is then

taken through the lines to a pole transfomer - or a transformer

box if underground - and pressure is lowered again to between

120 and 240 volts. From here electricity comes into your home

through a service box, where your meter is located to measure

how much you use. Wires take electricity around your home powering

your lights and all your other appliances.