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How have sunflowers adapted?

Updated: 10/8/2023
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12y ago

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Sunflowers grow tall (higher than competing vegitation) but the mature flower heads do NOT turn to follow the Sun.

The uniform alignment of sunflower heads in a field might give some people the false impression that they are tracking the sun, but the heads are actually pointing in a fixed direction (East) all day long. However, the uniform alignment does result from heliotropism in an earlier development stage, the bud stage, before the appearance of flower heads (anthesis). The buds are heliotropic until the end of the bud stage, and finally face East. Their heliotropic motion is a circadian rhythm, synchronized by the sun, which continues if the sun disappears on cloudy days. If a sunflower plant in the bud stage is rotated 180°, the bud will be turning away from the sun for a few days, as resynchronization by the sun takes time. The heliotropic motion of the bud is performed by the pulvinus, a flexible segment just below the bud, due to reversible changes in turgor pressure (no growth).

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11y ago
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13y ago

All plants are adapted to light. They use light to produce food in the process known as photosynthesis.

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