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If a baby has a leaky bicuspid in her heart what is the prognosis for the baby?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
I think a bicuspid is a tooth......are you sure you have the right word, or the right spelling?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
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What is the prognosis of a five month old baby who's bowel perforated who developed sepsis and has Pneumonia?
Prognosis is poor
Bicuspid aortic valve?
DefinitionA bicuspid aortic valve is an aortic valve that only has two leaflets, instead of three.The aortic valve regulates blood flow from the heart into the aorta, the major blood vessel that brings blood to the body.Alternative NamesBicommissural aortic valveCauses, incidence, and risk factorsThe aortic valve allows oxygen-rich blood to flow from the heart to the aorta. It prevents the blood from flowing back from the aorta into the heart when the pumping chamber relaxes.Bicuspid aortic valve is present at birth (congenital). An abnormal aortic valve develops during the early weeks of pregnancy, when the baby's heart develops. The cause of this problem is unclear, but it is the most common congenital heart disease. It often runs in families.The bicuspid aortic valve may not be completely effective at stopping blood from leaking back into the heart. This is called aortic regurgitation. The aortic valve may also become stiff and not open up as well, causing the heart to have to pump harder than usual to get blood past the valve (aortic stenosis). The aorta may become enlarged with this condition.This condition is more common among males than females.A bicuspid aortic valve often exists in babies with coarctation of the aortaand other diseases in which there is a blockage to blood flow on the left side of the heart.SymptomsMost of the time, bicuspid aortic valve is not diagnosed in infants or children because it causes no symptoms. However, the abnormal valve can leak or become narrow.Symptoms of such complications may include:Baby or child tires easilyChest painDifficulty breathingRapid and irregular heartbeat (palpitations)Loss of consciousness (fainting)Pale skinIf a baby has other congenital heart problems, they may cause symptoms that will lead to the discovery of a bicuspid aortic valve.Signs and testsSigns of a bicuspid aortic valve may include:Enlarged heartHeart murmurWeak pulse in the wrists and anklesTests that may show a bicuspid aortic valve include:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heartUltrasound of the heart (echocardiogram)If the health care provider suspects complications or additional heart defects, other tests may include:Chest x-raysMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Test of the electrical activity in the heart (electrocardiogram)X-ray of the heart's blood vessels using a special dye (angiography)TreatmentThe infant may need surgery to repair a leaky or narrowed valve, if complications are severe.A narrowed valve can also be opened through cardiac catheterization. A fine tube (catheter) is directed to the heart and into the narrow opening of the aortic valve. A balloon attached to the end of the tube is inflated, to make the opening of the valve larger.Critically ill babies with a severely narrowed valve may need medications. These medications improve the baby's condition so that either surgery or a balloon procedure is possible.Medications may include:Drugs that make the heart muscle pump harder (inotropic agents)"Water pills" (diuretics)Children with a bicuspid aortic valve are more likely to develop an infection inside the heart (endocarditis). Therefore, they must take antibiotics before undergoing dental treatments. Some children may not be able to exercise or participate in strenuous activities because of the valve.See also: Pediatric heart surgeryExpectations (prognosis)How well the baby does depends on whether complications of bicuspid aortic valve are present, and how severe they are.The presence of other physical problems at birth also can affect how well a baby does.Most babies with this condition have no symptoms, and the problem is not diagnosed until they are adults. Some people never find out that they have this problem.ComplicationsComplications of bicuspid aortic valve include:Congestive heart failureLeakage of blood through the valve back into the heartNarrowing of the valve's openingCalling your health care providerCall your health care provider if your baby:Has no appetiteHas unusually pale or bluish skinSeems to tire easilyPreventionBicuspid aortic valves run in families. If you know of this condition in your family, speak to your health care provider before becoming pregnant. There is no known way to prevent the condition.ReferencesOtto CM, Bonow RO. Valvular Heart Disease. In: Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow R. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 62.Park MK. Park: Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2008.
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