Their characteristics lie in control. It is their ability to manage, control and develop strategies across borders that distinguish them from national corporations. The distinguishing characteristics of MNCs are (i) involvement in direct business activities abroad; and (ii) ownership and control of assets abroad (Ietto-Gillies, 2005).
MNCs and TNCs are used interchangeably in international business. However, TNCs have a further implication of across borders, which is one of the characteristics of multinational corporations. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) also used TNC rather than MNC.