Structure of IP address
IP address is used by routers, bridges and all kinds of end systems to focus data packets/frames on a particular destination/source port. Following defines the structure of a typical IP address.
IPv4 address is 32 bit long. This 32 bit stream grouped into four segments. Each group may contain 1 byte (or 8 bits)
11000000 11100100 00010001 00111001
Each group of 8 bits can be converted to a decimal number. Following is the decimal conversion of above IP address.
192.228.17.57
This is the general look of an IP address. It will contain four decimal numbers separated by a dot. Each decimal can run up to 255. That is 255.255.255.255 .
IP address gives many information about the network. For example;
Example IP Address:192.248.8.0/28
This network ID is: 192.248.8.0.
Hosts in this network: 32bit - 28 bit = 16 hosts
Last IP (also known as Broadcast IP) = 192.248.8.15
The "/28" is not an integral part of IP address. We use this information is used to derive information from IP address.
Types of IP Addresses
IP Addresses are grouped into five classes. Class A - Class E.
Class A: 1st bit of a class A IP address always has '0'. Next seven bits for network and rest 24 bits for host.
CLass B: 1st two bits of a class B IP address always has '10'. Next 14 bits for Network and rest 16 bits for host.
Class C: 1st Three bits of a Class C IP address has '110'. Next 21 bits for network and rest 8 bits for host.
Class D: 1st Four bits of Class D IP Address has '1110' and rest of the bits are multicast.
Class E: 1st Five bits has '11110' and rest of the bits are allocated for future usages.
Hope this will help you!
(H.W Thushara Indika - From Bandarawela, Sri Lanka)
32 bits in a IPv4 address
IPV4 is a kind of IP Address.
IP address is a logical address of a system which could be used to identify it. There are 2 types of IP address, IPV6 and IPV4.
The IPv4 address is identical for all hosts in a broadcast domain. The IPv4 addresse varies in length. The IPv4 address is used to forward packets.
IP addresses are of two types IPV4 and IPV6 . Depending upon the version the length of IP address differs . IPV4 is 32 bit long and IPV6 is 128 bits long.
The address space of IPV4 is limited to 4294967296 possible unique addresses.
a TcP IPv4 ip address has 32 bits.
The size of an IPv4 address is 32 bits, or 4 bytes.
Hosts with the same network portion of their IPv4 address.
IP is the internet protocol that uniquely identifies a system on a network and there is no difference between IP and IPv4 infact IPv4 is a version of like IPv6.
The broadcast address on IPv4 networks is the subnet address, padded on the right with ones. For example, if the subnet address is 192.168.x.y, with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, then the broadcast address is 192.168.255.255.
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