What are the causes and effects of urbanization?

Answer 1

1) Increased population leads to more waste, garbage and byproducts.

2) Natural habitats destroyed for housing purposes

3) Poor waste management causes the spread of disease and pollution

4) Food demand increases and more land needs to be cleared for food production

5) High density of people can lead to conflicts and the quick spread of health problems

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Answer 2

Urban areas have the potential to pollute water in many ways. Runoff from streets carries oil, rubber, heavy metals, and other contaminants from automobiles. Untreated or poorly treated sewage can be low in dissolved oxygen and high in pollutants such as fecal coliform bacteria, nitrates, phosphorus, chemicals, and other bacteria. Treated sewage can still be high in nitrates. Groundwater and surface water can be contaminated from many sources such as garbage dumps, toxic waste and chemical storage and use areas, leaking fuel storage tanks, and intentional dumping of hazardous substances. Air pollution can lead to acid rain, nitrate deposition, and ammonium deposition, which can alter the water chemistry of lakes.