What are the prayer rituals?

Answer 1

Ablution (Wudu') Prior to performing the daily prayers, and as a recommended or obligatory prerequisite to other acts of worship, Muslims must purify themselves - this is usually done with water. The minor form of this purification with water is called Wudu, while the major form is called Ghusl. If water is not available, the purification can be performed with clean earth or soil, and is called Tayammum. Performing Wudu' "O Believers! When you prepare for prayers, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe your heads, and your feet to the ankles … and [if you] do not find water then betake yourselves to clean earth and wipe your faces and your hands with it." (Qur'an, 5: 6) In Wudu', it is obligatory to wash the face and hands, and to wipe the front portion of the head and the upper part of two feet.

Washing the face:The length of the face should be washed from the upper part of the forehead, where hairs grow up to the farthest end of the chin, and its breadth should be washed to the part covered between the thumb and the middle finger. If even a small part of this area is left out, Wudu will be void. Thus, in order to ensure that the prescribed part has been fully washed, one should also wash a bit of the adjacent parts.

The face and hands should be washed from above downwards.

Washing the arms:After washing the face, one should first wash the right hand and then the left hand, from the elbows to the tips of the fingers. In order to ensure that each elbow has been washed thoroughly, one should include some portion above the elbow in washing.

While performing Wudu, it is obligatory to wash the face and the hands once, and it is recommended to wash them twice. Washing them three or more times is haraam. Wiping the head :After washing both the hands, one performing Wudu should wipe the front part of his head with the wetness which is in his hand; the recommended precaution is that he should wipe it with the palm of his right hand, from the upper part, downwards. The part on which wiping should be performed is one fourth frontal part of the head. It is sufficient to wipe as much at any place in this part of the head, although the recommended precaution is that the length should be equal to one finger, and its breadth should be equal to three joined fingers. It is not necessary that the wiping of the head should be performed on its skin. It is also in order if a man wipes the hair on the front of his head.

After wiping the head, one should wipe with the moisture present in one's hands, one's feet from any toe of the foot up to the joint. As a recommended precaution, the right foot should be wiped with the right hand, and the left foot with the left hand. Learning the basics of Muslim Prayer Salat or Muslim's prayer is an essential part of muslims' worships. Prophet Muhammad said that the Salat is the pillar of our religion. So it is important for every muslim to know how to pray. The first thing to know about prayer is that it's very simple and there are many exceptions for those who have difficulties; however, while performing prayer full concentration and attention is required. There are five required daily prayers for every muslim. Each prayer consist of several Rakats (parts) depending to the time it is performed for. The Dawn 2 Rakat (fajr), Noon 4 rakat (duhr), Afternoon 4 rakat (asr), Sunset 3 rakat (maghreb), and Night 4 rakat (esha) prayers. Total of 17 rakats a day to the direction of Ka'ba (North-east in North America). It seems too much and too long but when you learn how to do it and understand why you do it, it is going to be very enjoyable. The time for Fajr prayer is from dawn to time of sunrise. The time for Duhr and Asr prayer is from noon to sunset, and the time for Maghrib and Esha prayer is from sunset to midnight. How to Pray It is impossible to explain how to pray in short article like this and it is a big responsibility to teach people something this important. However, the greater responsibility is to introduce the basic and leave the research for the reader. Before praying you have to make a wudu, be sure you are pure and clean, and your dress is appropriate(research more about this part). Ladies should wear clothe where only their face, hands (to the wrist, not arms) and their feet (to their ankle) is shown, and male are required to cover their body appropriately as well. Neiat and Ghera'at Neiat or intention is the most important part of the prayer. By this you say that why you are standing for prayer, which prayer, how many rakats. You can say it loud or in your mind. For example: I will pray the salat al-Fajr, two ra'akat, gurbatan ela-laah, (to get closer to Allah). It doesn't matter what language you say it, as long as you have the intention. This is the way you should stand and put your hands during this stage: (fig 1) Then you do your Takbiratul-Ehram (saying Allah Akbar)and drop your hands, from ears to your laps. Now you entered prayer officially and from this point till salam you can't talk, eat, or move out of prayer's form. Start your prayer by reading Al-Hamd and the sura (fig 2). You have to say everything in arabic and learning it is very easy just need practice, you can ask some of the Muslims or people who know arabic to read the right pronunciation for you, or click on the photo to listen to it. In this part you would read two chapters, Reading the chapter al-Hamd is necessary but choosing the sura is up to you, people read the chapter of Ekhlas mostly. The way to stand and read is in the figure 2. (fig 2) Rakat Rakat consist of Gera'at (reading of the al-hamd and sura, or Tasbeehat al-Arba'a), one Ruku'e, and two Sajda. Ruku'e After you read the Al-hamd and sura you bend by placing your hands on your knees and looking between your legs, this is called Ruku'e. And you say a Thekr (praise to allah). To make it easy on the beginners you would say Subhan-allah 3 times or you can refer to the people who pray for their thekr. Fig 3 explains how you have to do this part. (fig 3) Qunut Qunut is the part you raise your hand and ask allah for what you need you can say it in any language or just say a short grace in arabic. Qunut is performed after the Al-hamd and Sura recitation of the second rakat and it is not required (vajeb) but is Mustahab (recommended). The way to do this part is explained in figure 4. (fig 4) Sajda After Ruku'e you stand straight like you started and then go to Sajda. In this part you prostrate to allah. That means you place seven part of your body touching the ground and say a thekr similar to the one in Ruku'e, your forehead, palms, knees, and your toes. Your forehead should be on a wooden or stone made object (see more details on this part). You did one Sajda, like in fig 5, you sit like your in Tashahhud, and do another one after that. <(fig 5) Tashahud After performing your second sojda on the second rakat of every prayer and the last rakat of the particular prayer your performing, you perform Tashahud. In this part you would sit in a way that your left foot is on your right and your palms are on your thighs. And you read Tashahhud in arabic (see fig 6). This part is to be performed on every two Rakats and before you finish salat. Example if you are doing the Dohr, Asr, and Esha prayers which are four Rakats you do Tashahhud in the end of second Rakat and at the end of fourth Rakat before saying the Salam. And if you praying the Maghrib prayer which is three Rakat's you do Tashahhud at the end of second Rakat and the third Rakat before finishing the prayer. The meaning of it is: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, He is one and no one is like him, And I bear witness that Muhammad is his conformer (Ab'd) and his messenger, O'Allah send greetings to Muhammad and the Family of Muhammad. (fig 6) Salam This is the end part of salat and by reciting this part you officially end your prayer. You would read it at the end of the last Rakat (after the second sajdah) and you finish your prayer. After reading it you would raise your palms from your thigh and say Allah'u Akbar and put your hands back on the thighs for three times (see fig 7). You read it in Arabic and pronunciation is here. The meaning of the reading it is Greetings to us and to the faithful (Saleheen) conformers' of allah, Greetings and Mercy of Allah be onto you.