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Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) was one of the most powerful and influential popes, considered during his papacy to be the most powerful person in Europe. Innocent is regarded by Catholics as one of the greatest popes of the Middle Ages, and by others as one of the most harmful men ever to have lived. Both claims may well be true.
He resolutely held exalted views of papal authority and was the first pope to divest himself of the title 'vicar of Peter' and appropriate the title 'vicar of Christ'. "We are the successor of the prince of the Apostles, but we are not his vicar or the vicar of any man or Apostle. we are the vicar of Jesus Christ himself." In this way he added to the aggrandisement of his office.
The Fourth Lateran Council of 1215, summoned by Innocent III, ordered condemned heretics to be delivered to their secular rulers for punishment and specified that all secular authorities of whatever office were to be admonished and if necessary compelled to swear that they would strive to exterminate in the territories under their jurisdiction all heretics pointed out by the church. In this way, Innocent III and the Lateran Council contributed to the moral decay of the Church.
The Fourth Lateran Council, for the first time, officially articulated the doctrine of transubstantiation which declared that the bread and wine of the Eucharist were miraculously changed into the body and blood of Christ at the moment of consecration in the Mass.
Pope Urban II had preached the First Crusade and undertook to bestow a plenary indulgence on all who took part. Innocent III extended the system, offering indulgences to all those who helped the crusade with money or advice. The indulgence became a familiar aspect of Christian life, with remission of sins promised to an increasing number of people in return for payments, or visits to holy places or churches. Innocent III could not have known this, but he was helping set the foundation for the Protestant Reformation.
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Who was the Pope preceding John Paul II?
John Paul II was preceded by Pope John Paul I who was preceded by Pope Paul XI.
What church did Pope John Paul serve at?
As the Bishop of Rome his assigned church was the Basilica of St. John Lateran.
Who is the 264th pope of the roman Catholic church?
John Paul II
How has the Church changed?
the church changed when Pope John Paul died and Pope Benedict took over. And that's all i know ! :)
How many Pope John Paul's were there?
There were 2 Pope John Pauls. The last Pope was Pope John Paul II.
Why isn't John Paul II the pope anymore?
John Paul II was the head of the Catholic church until 2005. The reason that he is not the pope anymore is because he is dead.
In which city is Pope John Paul's church?
The Basilica of Saint John Lateran, the church of the Bishop of Rome, is located in Rome.
Who were the last five popes and the year of their papacy?
The last 5 popes, with the current pope as the 6th, are: Pius XII (1939-58) John XXIII (1958-63) Paul VI (1963-78) John Paul I (1978) John Paul II (1978-2005) Benedict XVI (2005-present)
Who was the pope in 1958?
In 1968, Pope Paul VI was head of the Catholic Church.
Who wrote the Catechism of the Catholic Church?
The Catechism of the Catholic Church was originally written by the Council of Trent. It was promulgated as the Catechism on December 8 of 1992 by Pope John Paul II.
How was Pope John Paul II running Italy's government?
Pope John Paul II had nothing to do with running the Italian government. He had enough problems running the Church and the Vatican.
What did Pope John Paul XXIII see as his role as the pope?
There was a Pope John Paul I and II and a Pope John XXIII but never a Pope John Paul XXIII
