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"KTAS" is an acronym for "Knots, true airspeed".

The speed indicator in an airplane is a differential pressure gauge. It simply gives a reading relative to the difference of pressure between the air hitting the aircraft head-on (dynamic pressure) and the air going past the aircraft (static pressure). The dynamic pressure sensor is built around what is known as a "Pitot tube"; basically, a small, bent pipe sticking out of a wing or out of the fuselage, with its opening towards the front of the aircraft. The static pressure port is normally a small hole in the side of the aircraft, and is also used to drive the altitude indicators.

The reading on the speed indicator is known as "KIAS", for "Knots, indicated airspeed".

At low altitudes and low airspeeds (< 5000 ft, < 500 knots), KIAS and KTAS are close enough to not make a practical difference. When you get higher, however, the thinner and colder air will cause the indicator to under-read the speed; thus 200 knots indicated might correspond to 230 knots true at 10000 ft.

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Q: What does KTAS stand for when referring to aircraft speed?
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