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What is Deadlock avoidance?

Updated: 4/28/2022
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Deadlock is a situation when two thread are waiting on each other to release a resource. Deadlock avoidance methods are : 1) ostrich approach 2) eliminating hold and wait situation 3) eliminating mutual exclusion

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Q: What is Deadlock avoidance?
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What is difference between in deadlock prevention and deadlock avoidance and?

Deadlock PreventionDifference from avoidance is that here, the system itself is build in such a way that there are no deadlocks.Make sure atleast one of the 4 deadlock conditions is never satisfied.Deadlock AvoidanceAvoid actions that may lead to a deadlock.Think of it as a state machine moving from 1 state to another as each instruction is executed. moreoverDeadlock detection is a technique to handle deadlocks which tries to find out if the system is in deadlock and then works to recover it from the deadlock if any exists. It is used as an afterthought and is not coordinated with the resource allocating procedures.Deadlock avoidance is a technique which works hand-in-hand with the resource allocation and tries to ensure that a resource request made in a non-deadlocked state is granted only if it will not lead to a deadlock in the future. This technique however makes unrealistic demands about the kind of information it needs from process, in that, it requires the entire pattern of resource requests, past & future.


What is the difference among deadlock avoidance detection and prevention?

Deadlock avoidance involves ensuring that the system never enters a deadlock state by using techniques like resource allocation strategies (e.g., Banker's algorithm) to ensure that resources are allocated in a way that avoids deadlock. Deadlock detection, on the other hand, involves periodically checking the system to see if a deadlock has occurred after it has happened. Deadlock prevention focuses on designing algorithms and protocols in a way that eliminates one of the conditions necessary for deadlock to occur, such as by ensuring that resources are requested in a specific order.


What are the differences between deadlock avoidance and deadlock prevention in operating systems?

Deadlock Prevention: o Preventing deadlocks by constraining how requests for resources can be made in the system and how they are handled (system design). o The goal is to ensure that at least one of the necessary conditions for deadlock can never hold. * Deadlock Avoidance: o The system dynamically considers every request and decides whether it is safe to grant it at this point, o The system requires additional apriori information regarding the overall potential use of each resource for each process. o Allows more concurrency. Similar to the difference between a traffic light and a police officer directing traffic. * Deadlock deduction:- Often, neither avoidance nor deadlock prevention may be used. Instead deadlock detection and process restart are used by employing an algorithm that tracks resource allocation and process states, and rolls back and restarts one or more of the processes in order to remove the deadlock. Detecting a deadlock that has already occurred is easily possible since the resources that each process has locked and/or currently requested are known to the resource scheduler or OS. Detecting the possibility of a deadlock before it occurs is much more difficult and is, in fact, generally undecidable, because the halting problem can be rephrased as a deadlock scenario. However, in specific environments, using specific means of locking resources, deadlock detection may be decidable. In the general case, it is not possible to distinguish between algorithms that are merely waiting for a very unlikely set of circumstances to occur and algorithms that will never finish because of deadlock. Deadlock detection techniques include, but is not limited to, Model checking. This approach constructs a Finite State-model on which it performs a progress analysis and finds all possible terminal sets in the model. These then each represent a deadlock.


What is the difference between deadlock prevention and deadlock avoidance?

DEADLOCK PREVENTION:Preventing deadlocks by constraining how requests for resources can be made in the system and how they are handled (system design).The goal is to ensure that at least one of the necessary conditions for deadlock can never hold.DEADLOCK AVOIDANCE:The system dynamically considers every request and decides whether it is safe to grant it at this point,The system requires additional apriori information regarding the overall potential use of each resource for each process.Allows more concurrency.


What are the various strategies are used to handle deadlock and what is centralized and distributed deadlock detection and prevention?

There are four strategies of dealing with deadlock problem:1. The Ostrich ApproachJust ignore the deadlock problem altogether.2. Deadlock Detection and RecoveryDetect deadlock and, when it occurs, take steps to recover.3. Deadlock AvoidanceAvoid deadlock by careful resource scheduling.4. Deadlock PreventionPrevent deadlock by resource scheduling so as to negate at least one of the four conditions.


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