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What is diabetics 1?

Updated: 8/19/2019
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8y ago

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Type 1 Diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar (glucose), starches and other food into energy needed for daily life.

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16y ago
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8y ago

With type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system attacks part of its own pancreas. Scientists are not sure why. But the immune system mistakenly sees the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas as foreign, and destroys them. This attack is known as "autoimmune" disease.

These cells - called "islets" (pronounced EYE-lets) - are the ones that sense glucose in the blood and, in response, produce the necessary amount of insulin to normalize blood sugars.

Insulin serves as a "key" to open your cells, to allow the glucose to enter -- and allow you to use the glucose for energy.

Without insulin, there is no "key." So, the sugar stays -- and builds up-- in the blood. The result: the body's cells starve from the lack of glucose.

And, if left untreated, the high level of "blood sugar" can damage eyes, kidneys, nerves, and the heart, and can also lead to coma and death.

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