Imperative languages focus on how the program should follow it's tasks, while non-imperative languages, functional or logical, tell the program what it needs to do, as opposed on how to do it.
Imperative programming is programming which changes the computer's state and focuses on how a program is to perform. Non-imperative languages are predominantly declarative languages, where the programmer states what is to be performed without specifying how to achieve it.
Characteristic
Imperative approach
Functional approach
Programmer focus
How to perform tasks (algorithms) and how to track changes in state.
What information is desired and what transformations are required.
State changes
Important.
Non-existent.
Order of execution
Important.
Low importance.
Primary flow control
Loops, conditionals, and function (method) calls.
Function calls, including recursion.
Primary manipulation unit
Instances of structures or classes.
Functions as first-class objects and data collections.
Computer programming is either imperative or declarative. Declarative programming states what a program is to do, but not how to do it (the how being determined by the language implementation). Conversely, an imperative programming language states how to perform a given task, usually as sequence of functions or sub-procedures using any combination of procedural, structured and object oriented programming.
It's programming with side effects - i.e. with mutable state.
These are all programming paradigms; they describe the "style" used to build the structure and elements of a computer program. Imperative programming is typically contrasted with declarative programming because they are mutually-exclusive (you won't find any programming languages that are both imperative and declarative), in the same way that you won't find any languages that have both a structured paradigm and a non-structured paradigm. The main difference between the two is that imperative programming describes how a result is to be achieved without specifying what is to be achieved, whereas declarative programming describes what is to be achieved without specifying how it is to be achieved. Another key difference is that imperative programming makes extensive use of changing-state and mutable data whereas declarative programming does not. Put simply, there are no assignment operations or side-effects in declarative programming. Given that the object-oriented programming (OOP) paradigm is based upon objects with member methods that can mutate the object's attributes, OOP is based upon the imperative paradigm. The functional programming paradigm is not to be confused with function calls which are based upon the procedural programming paradigm, which is itself based upon the structured programming paradigm, both of which are imperative. By "functional" we really mean mathematical functions, which are declarative. Although there are some imperative languages that do allow a type of functional programming style, at best they are a grey area because of the side-effects. Logical programming is also declarative and is based on relations.
Object-oriented programming is a category of programming languages. On a larger scale, OOP would belong under the imperative programming paradigm.
simulator is an algorithm used to simulate the process of a system...
High level languages are easier for humans to read and program in. They are usually machine independent, and most have a wide variety of programming libraries available for common functions. Low level languages are usually machine specific, such as assembly languages. They lack programming libraries.
C is a programming language, oops is what you say when you realize you were wrong in something. Note: Some programming languages are known as object-orient languages, C is not one of them, but some derivatives of it (C++, C#, Java) are.
These are all programming paradigms; they describe the "style" used to build the structure and elements of a computer program. Imperative programming is typically contrasted with declarative programming because they are mutually-exclusive (you won't find any programming languages that are both imperative and declarative), in the same way that you won't find any languages that have both a structured paradigm and a non-structured paradigm. The main difference between the two is that imperative programming describes how a result is to be achieved without specifying what is to be achieved, whereas declarative programming describes what is to be achieved without specifying how it is to be achieved. Another key difference is that imperative programming makes extensive use of changing-state and mutable data whereas declarative programming does not. Put simply, there are no assignment operations or side-effects in declarative programming. Given that the object-oriented programming (OOP) paradigm is based upon objects with member methods that can mutate the object's attributes, OOP is based upon the imperative paradigm. The functional programming paradigm is not to be confused with function calls which are based upon the procedural programming paradigm, which is itself based upon the structured programming paradigm, both of which are imperative. By "functional" we really mean mathematical functions, which are declarative. Although there are some imperative languages that do allow a type of functional programming style, at best they are a grey area because of the side-effects. Logical programming is also declarative and is based on relations.
Object-oriented programming is a category of programming languages. On a larger scale, OOP would belong under the imperative programming paradigm.
The C and C programming languages are one and the same. There is no difference between those languages.
simulator is an algorithm used to simulate the process of a system...
Programming is a term that describes the usage of a programming language. Programming languages (C++ for example) are languages that create programs, these programming languages should not be confused with scripting languages. Scripting languages are languages that are meant to be interpenetrated by programs. (Written in a programming language)
Set/subset: Some high level programming languages are object oriented, but not all of them.
An imperative method is a programming method where the system commands the computer on exactly what to do step by step. It focuses on giving explicit instructions on how to achieve a task, often involving changing state or modifying data directly in the program. It is commonly used in procedural programming languages like C and Pascal.
High level languages are easier for humans to read and program in. They are usually machine independent, and most have a wide variety of programming libraries available for common functions. Low level languages are usually machine specific, such as assembly languages. They lack programming libraries.
Essentials of Programming Languages was created in 2008-04.
Essentials of Programming Languages has 416 pages.
C is a programming language, oops is what you say when you realize you were wrong in something. Note: Some programming languages are known as object-orient languages, C is not one of them, but some derivatives of it (C++, C#, Java) are.
why do we have diffrent programming laungage