What is the origin of the Trinity from Ancient History Christian and Islamic perspectives?

Answer 1

Answer 1 (Islamic perspective)

Per Qur'an and Islam teachings, Trinity has no origin coming from God and/or Jesus and/or any revelation from God to Jesus. God (who is the same in all God religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) is one and only one with no partner, no son, no father, no companion, no associate, and no equivalence. God persuaded Christians in Qur'an to refrain themselves from believing in the Trinity and from believing that Jesus is son of God or is God. Refer to related question below.

Answer 2 (Christian Perspective)

While The Bible does not actually lay out the nature of the Trinity, it is present in Scripture. 1 John 5:7 says: (NIV) 7 For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. (In this context, the Word and the Son are synonyms because of John 1:1.

The development of the Trinity, in terms of the current understanding begins in the teachings of the Ecclesia or Early Church. Ignatius of Antioch provides the first usage of the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) in 110 C.E. when exhorting obedience to God. Theophilus of Antioch was the first to use the term "Trinity" in 170 C.E. and Tertullian wrote the first defense of the idea in the early 200s in an essay against the Praxean Heresy. The idea was eventually codified in the Nicene Creed of 325 C.E. which described the three elements of the Trinity and their relations to each other. The functions and purpose of the Holy Spirit would be further clarified over the remainder of the century.

The Trinity and its formation was one of the most divisive arguments within the Ecclesia and spawned many heresies. Most prominently were those of the Arianists, who believed that Jesus was a human who carried the term "Son of God", the Adoptionists, who believed that Jesus was a human who became Divine at the moment of his baptism, and Sabellianists, who argued that "the Father", "the Son", and "the Holy Spirit" were just different names for the same being and were not differentiable. The Nicene Creed dispelled these heresies by claiming that the Son was co-eternal with the Father (rejecting Arianism and Adoptionism since both assert that Jesus did not exist before his birth) and that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit were differentiable (rejecting Sabellianism since it asserts that there is no difference between the terms).

Answer 3 (Ancient Egyptian Perspective)Some dates back the belief of the Trinity to ancient Egypt through the myth of Osiris. The Osiris myth is the most influential story in ancient Egyptian mythology. It concerns the killing of the god Osiris, a king of Egypt, and its consequences. Osiris was killed by his brother Set who become king of Egypt afterwards. However, Isis; wife of Osiris; restored her husband's body, allowing him to posthumously conceive a son with her, who was called Horus; the product of Isis and Osiris' union. The later conflict between Horus and Set ended with the victory of Horus. and stored the throne from Set and completed the process of Osiris' resurrection.

The Osiris myth reached its basic form in or before the 24th century BC. Many of its elements originated in religious ideas. It started the religious Trinity " Osiris-Isis-Horus". The earliest mentions of the Osiris myth are in the Pyramid Texts which appeared on the walls of burial chambers in pyramids during the 24th century BC.

Ancient Greek and Roman writers, who described Egyptian religion late in its history, recorded much of the Osiris myth. Herodotus, in the 5th century BC, mentioned parts of the myth in his description of Egypt in The Histories. Four centuries later, Diodorus Siculus provided a summary of the myth in his Bibliotheca historica. Then in the early 2nd century AD, Plutarch wrote the most complete ancient account of the myth in De Iside et Osiride, an analysis of Egyptian religious beliefs. Plutarch's writing of the myth is the version that modern popular writings most frequently retell.