A vertebarte is a back bone for an example, we are vertebrates because we have back bones. Animals that don't have back bones are called Invertebrates.
A scorpionfish is indeed a vertebrate. They belong to the Phylum Chordata which include all vertebrated, notochord possessing fish. Fun fact: They are also called "dragonfish" according to Wikipedia!
This is still in dispute, however, most scientist believe it was a creature from the Cambrian period of the Paleozoic era that we call the Pikaia. It wasn't a fish, but as potentially the first vertebrate, fish probably evolved form it. Some scientists theorize that it was a kind of worm. It had a backbone-like structure and shared other traits most commonly found in vertebrated such as: It was bilaterally symetrical, its head was distinct from its body, and its eyes were in the front of its head.
Vertebrates. They are salamanders. Salamanders are amphibians. Amphibians are vertebrates. Like us (and unlike insects, snails, and jellyfish) they are descended from ancestors with backbones.