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Logical positivism
The meaning of clockwise movement is movement in the same direction of the hands of a clock, or in a circle from left to right. Anticlockwise movement is movement in a circle from right to left.
Carl Jung's mentor was Sigmund Freud. Jung initially admired Freud's work and was a part of his inner circle in the early days of the psychoanalytic movement. However, they had philosophical differences that eventually led to a split in their professional relationship.
Picture the center of a circle. The distance from it to the edge of the circle is the radius. The fixed distance from the center to the edge of any part of the circle is radial movement. So radial movement is the circular distance an object can move from a fixed point.
Babylonians
a movement that rotates in a circle
That is either a deeply philosophical question or there is a part of the question missing. In either case, I doubt you will get an answer here.
CIRCLE
it spins on its axis
rotary motion is movement that goes in a circle
Circles were drawn by ancient peoples before writing was developed. No one "invented" or "made" the circle from that perspective.
Babylonian