Any scanners that are supported by SANE ("Scanner Access Now Easy") will work in Ubuntu. Note that you will need to add yourself to the "scanners" groupand log out and back in. A link in the "Related links" section below will show a list of supported models of scanner by manufacturer.
Yes , all flash drives work on ubuntu
To explain how brain scanners work
Flatbed scanners work on almost the same principles as copiers.
no
How do lasers work
MagicJack does not support any Linux distribution, and will not work in Ubuntu.
Yes.
A cordless scanners works like how a cellphone or a regular cordless phone works. There are electrical signals that are connected between the scanners and the device you are using.
Yes if you have a usb cord
Nope
External NTFS drives will work with no problem with Ubuntu. Just plug in and use it.
Yes. It is included in the repositories of Ubuntu and Debian.