The first settlement in Australia was Sydney Town, now just known as Sydney. It was established at Port Jackson, with the arrival of the first eleven convict ships from England, known as the First Fleet.
The first Colonial Settlement in what today is called Rhode Island.
Tennesee
Vinland was a small settlement, which was in Newfoundland, Canada.
today
The first major settlement that was first proposed was at Port Essington, some 150Km or so North East of where Darwin is today. As this was a rather inhospitable place with little fresh water, it was abandoned and a new settlement was made where Darwin is today. It was initially called Palmerston but later changed to Darwin. However, there is a satellite city called Palmerston now and is a major urban and suburban area where a lot of "Darwinites" live.
From my reasearch it seems that the first post explorer settlement located in Colorado was around 1299 A.D. In the Mesa Verde region there is found what is called the Prehistoric Cliff Dwelling Civilization that can still be seen today.
The first European permanent and continuous settlement in the present-day U.S. was established by the Spanish at Saint Augustine. (by taylor J.)
The first permanent settlement in the Western Hemisphere was started by the Spanish. In 1565, they established the city of St. Augustine in northeastern Florida and it's still thriving today.
Yes, otherwise Australia would not be what it is today.
Jakper
no the people who called the warning for the tsunami said that it had just missed Australia and that we were really lucky.
The Dutch established a trading post called Fort Nassau on the site of modern Albany in 1614. It did not last though. Their first permanent settlement was Fort Orange, which was also where Albany is today.