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Major General Irwin McDowell knew he would be facing Confederate artillery in the First Battle of Bull Run. He knew the power of artillery especially when used on the defense. His Order No. 17 informed his commanders to not make a frontal assault on Confederate artillery batteries. He was certain that if necessary, they could be successfully taken out of the battle by a flanking maneuver.

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Q: What were Union General Irwin McDowell's orders on enemy artillery in the First Battle of Bull Run?
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