All the head bolts need sealer.
That is NORMAL, The holes go all the way through the water jackets. Just be sure to seal the bolts with alittle sealer. You have no problems.
Turn the head over and you will see all kinds of different size holes in it. Water will flow from the engine block and through EVERY HOLE YOU SEE. That's way you must put sealer on every head bolt.
The Edelbrock head have extra holes that connect to the main water passages. I believe the steam holes help prevent any sort of vapor locking in the water jackets surrounding the cyllinder sleeve. Must allow the steam to escape up to the cyllinder heads. Apparantly older 289 and 302's didn't have these. Just don't break off the drill bit like I did!
replace the intake gasket set
the water jackets are different , the motor will keep running hot
I put an Edelbrock Torquer manifold on my 302 in a 1977 Cobra II Mustang , it didn't have a back water jacket and later my stock heads warped ( I SUSPECT that was the cause of the heads warping )
Do not use sealant on the head gasket. I use permatex on the threads of the bolts that go into water jackets.
a welsh plug is a plug in the side of the block and the heads. these fill the holes left after casting.they actually allow the sand to be removed that is used during casting so as you have a hollow block which allows for the water jackets. in the USA these welsh plugs are called freeze plugs. they really do not stop the coolant from damaging the block if coolant freezes they are specifically to block the casting holes
No. It is a sealer against water.
No.
The circulation of coolant flows from the water pump thru each side of the block towards the rear of block then up into the rear of the heads, then forward thru the heads and up into the intake manifold and out the thermostat opening. The holes in front are blocked to force the coolant out the holes in back of the block into heads.
The can's label should tell you plainly.