The big two are the Rockwell and Mohs Scales.
The Mohs Scale is what is used to measure the relative hardness, or scratch resistance, of minerals. Mohs hardness often agrees with absolute hardness, which is another way of measuring the relative hardness of minerals.
Look at the color. (This is not a definitive way to judge the nature of the mineral in question)For carbonate rocks, you can use a dilute acid.Another way is the Mohs scale for hardness, seen herehttp://stloe.most.go.th/html/lo_index/LOcanada2/203/images/2_3_4en.jpg
Streak is one good way to start identifying a mineral, but poor for classification.
Luster is not a good property for identifying minerals because many minerals look similar. Your best way of knowing which mineral is which is by measuring their hardness.
the hardness scale is 1 thru 8. 8 being the hardest. diamonds are an 8 on the scale, this is the way it is for gems anyways. i don't know if it is different for minerals.
There are several thousands of minerals, and many different ways to classify them. An easy way to separate them into two types is to call them either metallic or non-metallic.
One way is to start with mohs scale which references the ability of one mineral to scratch another.
The classification system was developed by a scientist called Carl Linnaeus or also known as Carolus Linnaeus or Karl Von Linne
Physical mineralogy is the specific focus on physical attributes of minerals. Description of physical attributes is the simplest way to identify, classify, and categorize minerals, and they include:crystal structurecrystal habittwinningcleavagelusterdiaphaneitycolorstreakhardnessspecific gravity
Aristotle made significant contributions to various fields, including philosophy, ethics, logic, biology, and political theory. His work laid the foundation for Western philosophy and science, and his ideas influenced the development of many disciplines for centuries to come. Aristotle's works, such as "Nicomachean Ethics" and "Metaphysics," continue to be studied and debated by scholars around the world.
Diamonds are formed into crystals with a perfect octahedral crystal habit. Hardness is associated "...with the crystal growth form, which is single-stage..." "The Mohs scale of mineral hardness characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material." All quotes according to Wikipedia research.
'Fracture' means 'to break'. Minerals often break (or fracture) in certain directions that many other minerals do not. The way a mineral fractures, then, helps a person narrow down the identity of the mineral. Fracture, along with color, streak color, hardness, and specific gravity are all used in the identification of minerals.