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"Reconstruction" was the word used during the War to describe the rejoining of the rebel states to the Union. It did not carry any pejorative connotation. During the so-called Reconstruction Era, 1865-77, it acquired the negative sense it has today, because of the theft and brutality of the Federal officials and their accomplices (the so-called "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags").

In recent decades such Marxist historians as Eric Foner have tried to rehabilitate the era by saying that Reconstruction failed because there was too much corruption on the part of Northern capitalists, and the radical Abolitionists quickly lost interest in their plan to destroy the South and replace the old ruling castes with Federal-backed negro governments.

"Neo-Confederate" historians occasionally answer that the corruption of the postwar years was endemic to Radical Republican rule, in North as well as South (for example the Grant Administration, the Jay Gould scandals, and the Boss Tweed ring).
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Q: Why do you call the period after the Civil War the reconstruction era?
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