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Water takes a long time to boil due to its specific heat. Wikipedia answers it with a lot of science (see link) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity
but I have a slightly easier way of explaining it.
So, we're dealing with two actual processes going on here.
1) First, you're raising the temperature of the water from whatever it starts at to 100 degrees C (212 degrees F). Specific heat is a scientific formula that tells you how much energy it takes to increase one litre of something by one degree celsius, and water takes a whole bunch of energy. Metal has a low specific heat, its really easy to warm it up. You can hold a teaspoon of water in one hand, and a penny in the other, and the penny will feel warmer quicker, but it also will cool quicker.
2) The second process is changing the phase of water, from a liquid to a gas. It takes a LOT of energy to change something form a solid to a liquid, or from a liquid to a gas.

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