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Why is Mexico western peninsula called Baja?

Updated: 8/21/2019
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When it was discovered in 1534 by Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes, the long peninsula was thought to be an island, so it was named after a mythical island inhabited by Amazon warriors and described in the Spanish romance novel The Adventures of Esplandian (1510).

After further discoveries, the whole area now encompassing the US state of California and the peninsula, were known as the Territory of the Californias, being subdivided into the Alta California (Higher California), and the Baja California (Lower California).

After the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) Mexico lost its northern territories, keeping the Baja California territory. Nowadays, it has been further subdivided into two federal states: Baja California (capital Mexicali) and Baja California Sur (capital La Paz). Both acquired statehood in 1952 and 1974, respectively.

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Who own the peninsula called Baja or lower California?

Baja California is a State of Mexico.


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