In order to be transmitted long distances, voltage is raised. At the destination, voltage is lowered again to be used. This permits transmission for several miles, which wold not be possible at lower voltages.
In an alternating current circuit the voltage can be stepped up ordown efficiently with a transformer.
Alternating current is normally produced by rotating the magnet in the coil of an induced alternating voltage. When connected to a circuit, an alternating current will flow.
60 Hz
Perhaps you are asking how the voltage of alternating current is measured, to be equivalent to the voltage of a direct current system. Alternating current and direct current have distinct properties. With direct current, voltage is at a constant polarity, and a direct current voltage source will maintain a uniform, constant voltage level. Alternating current reverses polarity at a given frequency and therefore it's voltage continuously varies from a positive peak voltage level, through zero, to a negative peak voltage level, repeating this cycle continuously. For this reason, voltage of an alternating current system, is measured in root-mean-square (rms), which is a voltage, which when multiplied by the current in amperes, calculates power which is equivalent to that of direct current of the same voltage and current values. With a typical sinusoidal waveform, the peak voltage of alternating current is divided by the square root of 2 to determine the rms voltage. The 120 volts output in the wall outlet in our home is actually about 170 peak volts.
That will induce a voltage across the wire.
The reason an AC voltage applied across a load resistance produces alternating current is because when you have AC voltage you have to have AC current. If DC voltage is applied, DC current is produced.
voltage can carry current a further distance.
Alternating current - AC, and direct current - DC.
When an alternating voltage is applied to a purely resistive circuit, the resulting current is in phase with the voltage.
A transformer can only increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current, and it is called step-up transformer or step-down transformer accordingly.
Because alternating current can be run through a transformer to step up or down the voltage. High voltage current incurs lower losses in transmission.
TRANSFORMER