The Bradford reagent (Coomassie) is commonly used to detect if a
sample contains protein. Coomassie will react with aromatic amino
acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan) to turn from a dull
red color to a bright blue color. This assay is dependant on the
amount of aromatic amino acids present, but works well as a "quick
and dirty" indicator of the presence of a protein. The bicinchonic
acid assay (BCA assay), while more expensive than the Bradford
assay, more accurately detects the presence of the peptide bond
present in proteins, so it can be used to not only detect proteins
which lack aromatic amino acid residues, but also can be used to
more accurately determine the concentration of protein in a sample
as not all proteins have the same amount of aromatic amino
acids.