The nail bed is part of the nail matrix called the sterile
matrix. It extends from the edge of the germinal matrix, or lunula,
to the hyponychium. The nail bed contains the blood vessels,
nerves, and melanocytes, or melanin-producing cells. As the nail is
produced by the root, it streams down along the nail bed, which
adds material to the undersurface of the nail making it thicker. It
is important for normal nail growth that the nail bed be smooth. If
it is not, the nail may split or develop grooves that can be
cosmetically unappealing.