Cho believed that the jettisoning of lifetime employment in many other Japanese companies was a serious danger to the social stability of his country. Layoffs were a dishonorable practice that Toyota would only consider as a last resort.

Nicholas Frank Cardoza has written:

'The end of lifetime employment?'

Masao Hanaoka has written:

'Diversity and HRM in Japan'

'The concept of HRM and the transition from PM to HRM'

'A view of the custom of lifetime employment and \\'

The prefix for "employment" is "em-".

Yes, the lifetime of the watch. Not your lifetime.