Mitral valve prolapse is that mitral valve can not close completely due to some change in its structure. It's thought to be inherited and commonly occur with other connective tissue disorder, mostly Marfan syndrome.

Mitral valve prolapse allows blood to enter into the left atrium. This often results in the valve not forming a tight seal.

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Mitral stenosis

Mitral commissurotomy is used to repair mitral stenosis associated with rheumatic disease.