pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)

Insulin is a hormone that is needed for kreb cycle to function properly. In metabolism of glucose are three steps:

1. glycolysis in which the glucose is converted to pyruvate

2. kreb's cycle - pyruvate is converted to oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase enzyme.

3. Electron transport chain.

In diabetes when there is deficiency of insulin, kreb's cycle won't work properly and thus the end product of glycolysis i.e pyruvate will be in excess in blood. Excess of pyruvate will lead to deficiency of pyruvate carboxylase which will lead to lactic acidosis. Also in case of anaerobic condition, the pyruvate will be converted to lactate.

Oxaloacetic acid is also produced when pyruvate is acted upon by pyruvate carboxylase in response to an excess of acetyl-CoA.

I have the same question. I also need to know which microbe contains the enzyme phospoenolyruvate carboxylase. I am doing a project on this, and I need some answers. I guess we're in this together. :)

Fat cells, also known as adipocytes, have two types of enzymes, both of which are affected by insulin. The names of these two enzymes are pyruvate dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase.