rap musician; actress; businesswoman
Personal Information
Born Dana Owens, March 18, 1970, in Newark, NJ; raised in East Orange, NJ; daughter of Rita and Lance Owens.
Education: Borough of Manhattan Community College, broadcasting.
Career
Began performing in high school as human beat box in rap group Ladies Fresh; solo recording artist, 1989--; Albums include: All Hail to the Queen, Tommy Boy Music, 1989; Nature of a Sista, Tommy Boy Music, 1991; Black Reign, Motown Records, 1993; films include: Jungle Fever, 1991; Juice, 1992; House Party II, 1992; Who's The Man, 1993; My Life, 1993; Set It Off, 1996; television appearances include: In Living Color, Fresh Prince of Bel Air, Hangin' with Mr. Cooper, Arsenio, Living Single, role of Khadijah James, 1993-; Flavor Unit Management Company, founder, 1991-.
Life's Work
Queen Latifah has worked hard for her success, but not by stepping on fellow rappers on her way to the top. Latifah is known for her refusal to participate in the well-publicized feuds among various factions of rap performers. "I might rebut if somebody challenged me, but I'd make it funny, not nasty," she said in Rolling Stone. Attesting to her feelings of solidarity with other rappers, she has stated that she would rather present a united artistic front than suggest a clique fractured by in-fighting and clashing ambitions.
Applauded for her social politics as well as her gift for rhyme, Latifah seems to pursue a well-rounded image, with social commentary in its place, but entertainment firmly in the foreground. "I'd rather throw in a line or two about drugs," she has said, "just to make you think. I can have fun and still show I'm on the ball." Her music, according to Interview, borrows freely "from hip-hop, house, jazz, and reggae," all saturated by Latifah's sense of self and a pride seemingly untouched by vanity.
Latifah, whose real name is Dana Owens, was born in 1970 in Newark, New Jersey. She is the second child of Lance and Rita Owens. Rita was 18 when she gave birth to Dana. Her father was a policeman. The marriage of her parents was troubled, and the couple parted for good in 1978. Lance Owens, Sr. did, however, stay in touch with his children. Latifah's brother, Lance, Jr., was older than his sister by a year--a policeman like his father, he died in a motorcycle accident on April 26, 1992, an event which devastated Latifah.
Dana Owens became Latifah when she was about eight. A Muslim cousin gave her the nickname, which means "delicate" and "sensitive" in Arabic. Queen was later added by Latifah. She began singing in the choir of Shiloh Baptist Church in Bloomfield, New Jersey, and had her first public singing triumph when she sang a version of "Home" as one of the two Dorothys in a production of The Wiz at St. Anne's parochial school.
In her first year of high school--as a sophomore-Latifah began informal singing and rapping in the restrooms and locker rooms. In her junior year she formed a rap group, Ladies Fresh, with her friends Tangy B and Landy D in response to the formation of another young women's group. Soon the group was making appearances wherever they could. Latifah's mother, Rita Owens, was a catalyst; she was in touch with the students and the music. She invited Mark James, a local disc jockey known as D.J. Mark the 45 King, to appear at a school dance. The basement of James's parent's house in East Orange, which was equipped with electronic and recording equipment, became the hangout of Latifah and her friends. They began to call themselves Flavor Unit.
James was beginning a career as a producer and made a demo record of Queen Latifah's rap "Princess of the Posse." He gave the demo to Fred Braithwaite--Fab 5 Freddy, host of Yo! MTV Raps, who played it for Dante Ross, who worked for Tommy Boy Music at the time. Tommy Boy signed Latifah and in 1988 issued her first single, "Wrath of My Madness." Latifah made her first European tour and her first appearance at the Apollo, which was quite successful. Her first video, Dance with Me, was made in June of 1989. In October of that year the album All Hail to the Queen was released. The album led the New Music Seminar of Manhattan to give her the award of Best New Artist of 1990, and it reached sales of over a million.
While some vocal artists are never quizzed about the message of their music, rappers are often asked to philosophize about fellow musicians and ideas in rap; Latifah holds her own, but will not be made into a spokesperson. Her strength is often misinterpreted as a feminist message. Like many young women, Latifah dislikes the label "feminist," believing it carries strident overtones. "I'm not a feminist.... I'm just a proud black woman. I don't need to be labeled," she said in Interview.
Queen Latifah, usually clad in what Entertainment Weekly described as "African-print pajama suits, skull caps, and big wooden bracelets and earrings," is critical of the sexist images of women presented by some male rappers. In a rare moment of universal criticism she stated, "Those women are pretty shallow. They look like skeezers, and that's the problem. A lot of those females don't have respect for themselves. Guys are exploiting them."Dimitri Ehrlich of Interview congratulated Latifah on her positive image. "I think it's great that women you choose for your dancers have the kind of image that young people look up to." She sees materialism as one cause of the acceptance of male-dependent women, contending that "females don't respect themselves; they only think materialistically. They want money, but they don't think, I'm gonna get this money on my own. They think, I'm gonna get money from this guy." according to Interview.
Even as Latifah was beginning to earn money. she displayed an interest in investment--putting money into a delicatessen and a video store on the ground floor of the apartment in which she was living. She came to realize that there was an opening for her in record production. While she was making her own deals and making money in the process, many of her fellow rap artists were making disadvantageous recording arrangements. In 1991, She organized and became chief executive officer of Flavor Unit Records and Management Company headquartered in Jersey City, New Jersey. By late 1993 the company had signed 17 rap groups, including the very successful Naughty by Nature. Distribution of Flavor Unit's records was being handled by Motown, which was pressing her to move the operation to Los Angeles.
In 1993, Motown released Latifah's third album, Black Reign, which was recorded not long after the death of her brother. She dedicated Black Reign's jazz and reggae influenced "Winki's Theme" to him. She told the New York Times, "I think Black Reign is about growth, not a change in direction. It's about me reigning over tough times in my personal life and about black people reigning over their oppressors. I think it came out purer than anything I've done." Black Reign went gold--selling over 500,000 copies, and its single, "U.N.I.T.Y." earned Latifah her first Grammy Award in 1995, when she was named best rap artist. She was also honored with the Sammy Davis Jr. Award for Entertainer of the Year at the 1995 Soul Train Music Awards.
Latifah's own career was flourishing as her third album, Black Reign, came out in 1993. Her fame and presence translated into film appearances, including roles in Juice, Jungle Fever, and House Party II. She also had television appearance on such shows as Fresh Prince of Bel Air. In 1993 she accepted the role of Khadijah James in the sitcom, Living Single, which became a huge success with black audiences. The show was cancelled by the Fox-TV network at the end of the fourth season, however, popular viewer demands brought the show back. A major and unprecedented letter-writing, phone-calling, and electronic mailing campaign by fans who demanded that Fox-TV bring back the sitcom resulted in the popular show returning for its fifth season.
Despite the necessity of living in Los Angeles because of her television work, Latifah feels her base is still in New Jersey, where her mother lives, and she has a home in Wayne, New Jersey. Rita Owens is still a definite influence in her life. In addition to her teaching job, Rita serves as art director of her daughter's company.
In the early morning hours on July 16, 1995, Latifah and her bodyguard--Shawn met up with some friends Harlem's Apollo Theater to go to Latifah's house in Wayne, New Jersey. The carful of friends who were following got stuck in traffic. Latifah pulled over on New York's 125th Street to wait. As the car sat parked, two men, one with a gun, walked up to Latifah's car and shouted, "Get out or you're dead!" Although they surrendered the car, the gunman still shot Shawn, who was later rushed to Harlem Hospital, where he underwent 10 hours of surgery to repair his liver and kidney. He would later recover. Latifah picked the pair out of a police lineup, and the carjacker, Ricardo Rodriguez, was later convicted and sentenced to 18 years in prison. According to People, Latifah said "I hope this is a lesson that we have to wake up and try to do something about the violence in our community."
In 1996, The movie Set It Off hit the theaters, Latifah played the role of Cleo, a lesbian bank robber who along with her three friends rob banks to make ends meet. When asked about how she felt about playing the role, Latifah tells Veronica Webb in Interview, "I wanted to do something that was completely different from who I am, and this was the role that came to me. Despite the risks, I felt that this was where I could display my talent." Latifah made the role of Cleo very believable despite the comments made by those in the black community regarding her role of a homosexual. Latifah responded to Interview by saying, "I can't base my life on what people think. Things don't change by everybody just presenting the same thing. Nobody's had more anxiety over the part than me." It is the risks like these that make Latifah a successful rapper, actress, and businesswoman.
Queen Latifah's film career really took off in 2002 when she starred as "Mama" Morton in the film version of Chicago. Latifah went through three auditions to beat out such stars as Rosie O'Donnell, Kathy Bates, and Bette Midler for the role, but she was determined to get the part. And she was widely considered to be perfect in the role. Latifah's hard work paid off. She was nominated for an Oscar, an Golden Globe, and a Screen Actor's Guild Award the following year. The role in Chicago went a long way to establishing Latifah's reputation as a mainstream actress, and from that point on she was seen in a whole slew of very different movies, all of which Latifah added a special air to.
In 2003 Latifah was named one of People magazine's 50 most beautiful people. Then in March of 2004 Latifah won an Image Award from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for outstanding actress for Bringing Down the House. The movie, in which Latifah stared alongside Steve Martin, was very popular, and Latifah was again highly praised for her role. It was about a woman who escapes from prison and goes to attorney Peter Sanderson's house to get him to help her prove her innocence. Jet wrote about her performance, "And Latifah indeed brings down the house in the outrageous comedy in which she stars as Charlene, a prison escapee who turns attorney Peter Sanderson's (Steve Martin) life upside down." It was also the first film produced by Flavor Unit Entertainment, Latifah's production company.
In 2004, Queen Latifah continued on her successful movie path. Over the course of the year, Latifah prepared to star in and produce several high-profile pictures, including Miramax's My Wife is a Gangster, MGM's Beauty Shop, and Paramount's Bad Girls. Variety said of the film Beauty Shop, "Queen Latifah struts her stuff with ingratiating verve in "Beauty Shop," a sunny and sassy comedy that somehow manages to breathe fresh life into familiar stereotypes and stock situations." Latifah also starred in the movie Taxi in 2004, which was released by 20th Century Fox. The comedic movie was a remake of the 1998 French film of the same name. Towards the end of 2004, Queen Latifah released the album, The Dana Owens Album. After her success in the movie Chicago, where Latifah proved she could really belt out a song, she seemed to cleave to a different sort of sound. This album was a change for Latifah, as it was less rapping and more jazzy blues and singing. She performed one of her songs off the album at the 2005 Grammys, where she was nominated for Best Jazz Vocal Album. She also presided at the ceremony.
The rap star, turned movie star has a number of movies that she was working on at the end of 2005. These movies include Ice Age 2: The Meltdown, Stranger Than Fiction, and Last Holiday.
Awards
Named Best New Artist of 1990 by the New Music Seminar inManhattan; named "Best Female Rapper" in the 1990 Rolling Stonereaders' poll; nominated for a Grammy Award in 1990. Won a Grammy Award in1995 for Best Rap Solo Performance for the single U.N.I.T.Y.; Soul Train Lady of Soul Award, Entertainer of the Year, 1997; People magazines 50 Most Beautiful People, 2003; NAACP Image Award, Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture for Bringing Down the House, 2004.
Works
Selective Discography
- All Hail the Queen, Tommy Boy, 1989.
- Nature of a Sista, Tommy Boy, 1991.
- Black Reign, Motown Records, 1993.
- The Dana Owens Album, 2004.
Further Reading
Sources
- Billboard.com, www.billboard.com/bb/releases/week_3/index.jsp, September 15, 2004.
- Ebony, January 2005, p. 130.
- Entertainment Weekly, December 28, 1990.
- Essence, April 2005, p. 61.
- Interview, May 1990, September 1996.
- Jet, February 3, 2003, p. 34; April 7, 2003, p. 58; October 11, 2004, p. 60; January 31, 2005, p. 53.
- New York Times, movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/movie.html?v_id=28999, October 8, 2004.
- New York Times, http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/movie.html?v_id=302684, April 1, 2005.
- Notable Black American Women, Book II, Gale Research, 1996.
- People, May 12, 2003, p. 110; October 18, 2004, p. 30, & p. 44.
- Reuters.com, www.reuters.com, January 16, 2005.
- Rolling Stone, February 22, 1990.
- USA Today, www.usatoday.com/life/people/2004-03-08-naacp-awards_x.htm, March 8, 2004.
- Who's Who among African Americans, 10th edition 98/99, Gale Research, 1997.
- Variety, April 4, 2005, p. 61.
— Christine Ferran and Robert L. Johns