respiratory

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(rĕs'pər-ə-tôr'ē, rĭ-spīr'ə-)
adj.

Of, relating to, used in, or affecting respiration.

Pertaining to respiration. See also pulmonary.

• acute r. disease of turkeys — see turkey coryza.
• acute r. distress syndrome — a noncardiogenic pulmonary edema characterized by disruption of pulmonary capillary endothelium and accumulation of high-protein edema fluid in the lungs. See also shock lung, atypical interstitial pneumonia, neonatal maladjustment syndrome.
• r. arrest — sudden complete cessation of respiratory movement.
• r. burst of neutrophils — the series of biochemical reactions that take place within a neutrophil when a particle is phagocytosed. Important in the host defense mechanisms.
• r. centers — see respiratory centers.
• chronic r. disease — see chronic respiratory disease.
• r. cilia — see cilia.
• r. clearance — clearance of inhaled particles from the respiratory system by absorption of finally solubilized material through the respiratory epithelium, passage through the alveolar epithelium at special sites near the alveolar ducts, or to the exterior by a flow of alveolar fluid to the bronchi, a moving sheet of mucus into the bronchioles, up the bronchioles, bronchi and trachea with the assistance of repiratory cilia to the pharynx.
• r. control — quantitative relationship between oxidative phosphorylation and electron transfer. Traditionally presented as a P/O ratio indicating the number of ATP molecules synthesized per atom of oxygen consumed.
• r. control ratio — ratio of oxygen uptake in the presence of ADP to that in the absence of ADP. Used as an index of the functional integrity of prepared mitochondria since it is above 10 in good preparation and unity in aged or damaged mitochondria.
• r. cycle — the cycle of inspiration, expiration, pause of the normal resting cycle depends on sensors in the respiratory system which provide stimuli to initiate the next part of the cycle.
• r. dead space — see dead space (2).
• r. depression — the rate and/or depth of respiration are insufficient to maintain adequate gas exchange in the lungs; a subjective judgment tending to be superseded, at least during anesthesia, by instrumentation. See respiration monitors.
• r. depth — amplitude of each respiratory movement.
• r. difficulty — see dyspnea.
• r. disease pattern — may be aerogenous when the pathogen is inhaled or hematogenous when the pathogen is delivered to the lungs in the blood supply.
• r. distress syndrome of newborn (RDS) — see hyaline membrane disease.
• r. exchange ratio — the carbon dioxide output divided by the oxygen uptake; see also respiratory quotient (below).
• r. failure — a life-threatening condition in which respiratory function is inadequate to maintain the body's need for oxygen supply and carbon dioxide removal while at rest; called also acute ventilatory failure. The type of failure varies with the CO₂ content of the blood and may be asphyxial, when there is gasping, dyspneic when there is dyspnea, paralytic when the respiratory movements gradually fade away, tachypneic when the movements are fast and shallow.
• r. grunting — grunting at the peak of each inspiration, or on percussion of the chest wall; indicates pain in the pleura.
• r. insufficiency — a condition in which respiratory function is inadequate to meet the body's needs when increased physical activity places extra demands on it. Insufficiency occurs as a result of progressive degenerative changes in the alveolar structure and the capillary tissues in the pulmonary bed.
• r. noises — includes sneezing, snorting, stridor, stertor (snoring), wheezing, roaring, grunting.
• r. paralysis — see respiratory failure (above).
• r. quotient (RQ) — the ratio of the volume of expired carbon dioxide to the volume of oxygen absorbed by the lungs per unit of time. Called also respiratory exchange ratio (above).
• r. rate — the number of respirations per minute. Normal rates per minute are: horses 8 to 10; cattle 10 to 30; sheep and pigs 10 to 20; goats 25 to 35; dogs 10 to 30; cats 20 to 30.
• r. rhythm — normally consists of three phase cycles of inspiration, expiration, pause; prolongation of inspiration suggests obstruction of the upper respiratory tract, prolongation of expiration, or a double respiratory effort suggests loss of recoil elasticity of the lungs. See also biot's respirations, cheyne–stokes respiration.
• r. secretion — includes samples collected by nasal swab, nasopharyngeal swab, percutaneous tracheobronchial lavage and fiberoptic endoscopic sampling. Assessment is by laboratory examination for cellular content, bacteria, viruses, helminth parasites, fungi.
• r. system — the group of specialized organs whose specific function is to provide for the transfer of oxygen from the air to the blood and of waste carbon dioxide from the blood to the air. These functions are performed by the tubular and cavernous organs which allow atmospheric air to reach the membranes across which gases are exchanged with the blood. The system includes the organs of the respiratory tract (below) plus the respiratory centers in the medulla. The supportive roles of the nervous system, the muscular, cardiovascular and hemopoietic systems are also essential.
• r. tract — the organs of the tract include the upper respiratory tract of the nasal cavities, the pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi, and the lower respiratory tract comprising the bronchioles and alveoli of the lungs.
• r. viruses

See words rhyming with "respiratory."

Dansk (Danish)
adj. - åndedræts-

Nederlands (Dutch)
betreffende ademhaling

Français (French)
adj. - respiratoire

Deutsch (German)
adj. - Atem-

Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - (φυσιολ.) αναπνευστικός

Italiano (Italian)
respiratorio

Português (Portuguese)
adj. - respiratório

Русский (Russian)
респираторный

Español (Spanish)
adj. - respiratorio

Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - andnings-, respirations-

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
呼吸的

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 呼吸的

한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 호흡의, 호흡을 하기 위한

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 呼吸の, 呼吸のための

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(صفه) تنفسي‏

עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - ‮של הנשימה‬

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