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The Ziehl-Neelsen stain, also known as the acid fast stain, was first described by two German doctors, Franz Ziehl, a bacteriologist and Friedrich Neelsen a pathologist. It is a special bacteriological stain used to identify acid-fast organisms, mainly Mycobacteria.

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The Ziehl-Neelsen stain, also known as the acid fast stain, was first described by two German doctors, Franz Ziehl, a bacteriologist and Friedrich Neelsen a pathologist. It is a special bacteriological stain used to identify acid-fast organisms, mainly Mycobacteria.

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The Ziehl-Neelsen stain is also known as the acid-fast stain. It contains sulfuric acid, and is used to identify acid-fast bacteria, or bacteria resistant to decolorization by acids from staining.

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For Mycobacterium you will use the Acid-fast staining technique. There are two different methods of stainging: 1) Ziehl-Neelsen Method and 2) Kinyoun Method.

1) The Ziel-Neelsen method uses a primary stain of Carbol Fuchsin dye that must be steam treated, rinsed with acid alcohol wash, and a secondary stain of Methylene Blue.

2) The Kinyoun Method uses a primary stain of Kinyoun Carbol Fuchsin dye that is not steam treated. An acid alcohol wash is applied and a secondary dye of Brilliant Green. This technique is called "cold staining".

The mycolic acid within the Mycobacterium cell membrane has a high affinity for the Carbol Fuchsin dyes.

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Acid alcohol destains non-acid fast bacteria but not Mycobacteria, which are resistant to the procedure due to the presence of mycolic acid. In the Ziehl Neelsen procedure, Mycobacteria remain red from the carbolfuchsin primary stain after destaining and non-acid fast bacteria (or tissue) which lose the primary stain during the destaining procedure are counterstained blue by methylene blue.

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Michael Neelsen's birth name is Michael David Neelsen.

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