judge only (grad point) ;)
Bench Trial
In a jury trial, the case is heard and decided by a group of impartial individuals (the jury). In a bench trial, the case is heard and decided by a judge without a jury. The judge determines the outcome based on the evidence and arguments presented in court.
A trial that has no jury is called a bench trial. A defendant may choose to waive his right to a jury trial and have his case heard and decided by a judge only. See the link below for a simple description of this type of trial.
A "bench trial" is a case heard by a judge without a jury. In a jury case, the jury decides the facts of the case -- what is true and not true -- and the judge decides the law. In a bench trial, the judge determines the facts and the law.
it is called a bench trial
A trial to a judge sitting without a jury is called a "bench trial."
A "bench trial" is a trial before a judge sitting without a jury. The judge alone decides the case.
Bench trial
Bench Trial
Since no jury is present during a bench trial, it is solely the judge who decides guilty or not guilty.
In most cases, you have the right to a trial by jury, but this is not a requirement. In a criminal case, if the defendant opts to have a bench trial, there will be no jury. In a civil case, if neither party requests a jury, it will be a bench trial.
Unless there is a mistrial or a new trial is ordered after a conviction is appealed, there is only one trial per defendant per set of charges. An acquittal (finding of "not guilty") cannot be appealed. This is the same whether the trial is heard by a judge (a bench trial) or a jury.