D
BEHAVIORISM
yeahh..
Being bouyant.
Empirical is defined in the oxford dictionary as something based on experience or observation rather than logic. For data to be considered empirical it does not need to be fact. It is often used interchangeably with first hand experience. Therein, one could say that empirical findings are extrapolated anecdotal data, as anecdotal is also defined as being based on personal experience rather than facts. Theoretical evidence would explicitly oppose empirical evidence because it is based on calculation and cannot be opinionated. It is meant to be concise and eliminate ambiguity which empirical or anecdotal evidence can not.
Advantages of qualitative observations include allowing researchers to determine patterns or themes, as well as allowing them to observe human dynamics within a group. However, quantitative observations are generally considered superior in research since the former is less subjective.
fallacy
Inference is similar to "jumping to a conclusion". It is the reasoning involved in concluding something on the basis of circumstantial evidence or prior experience rather than personal observation.
BEHAVIORISM
The word you are looking for is "speculation." Speculation involves forming conclusions based on assumptions rather than direct evidence or observation.
To infer means to deduce or conclude something based on evidence or reasoning rather than direct observation or explicit information. It involves drawing a logical conclusion from available information or clues.
B. The gas is carbon dioxide.
Theoretical refers to ideas or concepts based on theory rather than practical experience or observation. It involves the abstract or hypothetical understanding of a subject without direct application or experimentation.
An inference is a conclusion based on logical reasoning from other facts rather than something that is known as a fact. It does not really have an exact antonym. I suppose there are two classes on "non-inferences" - conclusions based on direct actual observation and in contrast, conclusions based on random guesswork or emotion or intuition without any logical basis.
Empiricism is the theory that philosphers and psychologists have proposed that all knowledge and behaviour are acquired through experience, and not at all attributable through innate or inborn characteristics. Rationalism is the theory that the excercise of reason, rather than experience, authority, or spiritual revelation, provides the primary basis for knowledge.
A Group Of Countries Or States Under The Control Of A Single Ruler Or Country.
yeahh..
An observation is something that can be seen with your own eyes, and an inference is something based on face. Therefore, an inference does not come before an observation, but rather after.