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a teliscope
Telescope or
It is a mixture of both. A hotter star will generally appear brighter than a cooler star of the same size. Similarly, a large star will appear brighter than a small one of the same temperature. The brightest stars are generally red supergiants, which are comparatively cool stars, but are so large that their size more than makes up for it. A star's apparent brightness from any given vantage point also depends on its distance. The closer a star is to you, the brighter it will appear.
because the rays of the sun bounce of of the shiny snow/ice and it makes the rays brighter
Special curved lenses are used to make objects larger. It is a sense of scale and perception that makes distant objects magnified.
a teliscope
Telescope or
A telescope.
Convex lens makes objects appear closer and corrects hyperopia (far-sightedness).
makes objects look closer than they appear
A star's brightness is a function of its luminosity, or the amount of energy it produces per unit time. Vega must have a higher luminosity, meaning it fuses more material than Betelgeuse in a given period of time.
It is a mixture of both. A hotter star will generally appear brighter than a cooler star of the same size. Similarly, a large star will appear brighter than a small one of the same temperature. The brightest stars are generally red supergiants, which are comparatively cool stars, but are so large that their size more than makes up for it. A star's apparent brightness from any given vantage point also depends on its distance. The closer a star is to you, the brighter it will appear.
1. It might be closer to us, 2. it might be a bigger and brighter star. Arcturus is 35 light years away and has an absolute magnitude of -0.3, which makes it 100 times brighter than the Sun, while Vega is 26 light years away and has an absolute magnitude of 0.5, about half as bright as Arcturus. From Earth they are both about the same brightness.
oxygen
-- The voltage makes no difference. -- The 400W device dissipates ten times as much power as the 40W device does. We don't know how much of each one's power consumption is radiated in the form of heat, UV light, etc. But if the spectral distribution of their output is similar, then the one that dissipates more power produces more visible light, and appears brighter.
The moon has an elliptical orbit around the Earth. When it is at is perigee (closest position to us) it is 31,000 miles closer then when it is at its apogee (farthest position from us)! This makes the moon look about 14% bigger and 30% brighter. see related link
Oxygen is what makes things burn at all. The more oxygen there is, the brighter it can burn.