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Acquired characteristics.
Beginning in 1801, Lamarck began to publish details of his evolutionary theories. Where others in the field had hinted at the possibility of evolutionary change, Lamarck declared it as being a truth and fact.
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In a nutshell, using a trait would increase the chances of the trait being passed on to the next generation.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Lamarck's Hypothesis of Evolution(Small note before answer: Lamarck had a hypothesis, not a theory) Lamarck, as well as other naturalists, hypothesized evolution via environmental change before Darwin. However, many failed to account for changes in the fossil record and interactions of the phenotypes of animals on their environment. Despite Lamarck's advances in the field, he is most remembered in history for the incorrect mechanisms of this evolution that he posited.Lamarck's hypothesis of evolution appeared in his Zoological Philosophical Work written in 1809, featuring two mechanisms of evolutionary change: use and disuse and inheritance of acquired characteristics.His evolutionary hypothesis was as follows:Environmental changes generate new needsThese needs determine the use or disuse of some organsSuch organs develop or are diminishedThe acquired characters are hereditary
Lamarck proposed an hypothesis that had species evolving desired traits and passing them to their offspring. For example, if you were a bodybuilder, your offspring would be born with larger than normal muscles. This hypothesis, while incorrect, was still significant in the history of evolutionary thought.
Jean- Baptiste Lamarck was a naturalist (now known as a biologist). He was not formally a biologist because that branch of science had not yet been formed. In fact he was one of the first people to use the term biology to describe life sciences. He is best remembered for his evolutionary theory of Lamarckism which proposes that offsprings inherit acquired characteristics from its parents.
?Mendel, widely acknowledged as the first geneticist.the answer is either lamarck or darwinit's lamarck. he believed that characteristics developed by parents are passed on to their offspring.
Aside from Lamarck's contributions to evolutionary theory, his works on invertebrates represent a great advance over existing classifications; he was the first to separate the Crustacea, and Annelida from the "Insecta." His classification of the mollusks was far in advance of anything proposed previously; Lamarck broke with tradition in removing the tunicates and the barnacles from the . He also anticipated the work of Schleiden & Schwann in cell theory in stating that: . . . no body can have life if its constituent parts are not cellular tissue or are not formed by cellular tissue."
Lamarck's explanation of evolution is based on two principles: use and disuse and the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Lamarck's "use and disuse" principle explained his belief that the body parts that are commonly used become larger and stronger such as a giraffe's neck, while those that are not used deteriorate and become smaller. He also believed that an organism could pass these modifications to its offspring through the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Thus, Lamarck thought that evolution is driven by the innate drive of organisms to become more complex. Although he was later proven wrong, he was insightful in observing and recognizing that gradual evolutionary change does exist.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was born on August 1, 1744.