Abraham
They settled in the land of Canaan .
According to tradition, the earliest movement of the Jews (Hebrews) was when Abraham and his followers came to Canaan (today's Israel), 3800 years ago (Genesis ch.12).
Tradition states that the battles with the Canaanites lasted seven years, and the initial apportioning of the land (listed in Joshua) took another seven years.
Tradition states that the battles with the Canaanites lasted seven years, and the initial apportioning of the land (listed in Joshua) took another seven years.
ca. 1200-1100B.C.E.
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They were the first people after the Canaanites.
The settle became Israel in the 1967 6 day war.
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According to traditional chronology, Abraham and his entourage left Mesopotamia to settle in Canaan (Israel) in 1737 BCE. They weren't called Israelites until the lifetime of Jacob (Genesis ch.35), who was Abraham's grandson. See also: Jewish history timeline
It was because of famine (Genesis ch.46). It was part of God's plan, since Egypt would be the "iron furnace" (Deuteronomy 4:20) in which the Israelites would be smelted, removing the dross, and would grow into a nation ready to receive God's Torah.
They settled in the land of Canaan under Joshua, after a war. King David (not Davis) didn't live until hundreds of years later).