an open seat
The incumbent is the current officeholder who is seeking re-election during an election. For example, in a presidential election, the incumbent would be the sitting president running for another term. Incumbents often have advantages such as name recognition and established political connections.
the national anthem
The sitting vice president removed from the 1944 ticket was Henry A. Wallace. He was replaced by Harry S. Truman as Franklin D. Roosevelt's running mate during that presidential election.
lame duck
Yes and no. Being a Cabinet minister doesn't in itself entitle someone to vote on legislation. However, the membership of the Cabinet is, by convention, drawn from among sitting legislators (predominately Members of Parliament, but also some Senators), and thus, they can vote on legislation in this capacity. If there were a Cabinet minister who wasn't a sitting legislator, they would not be able to do so. An example of this is when Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King lost his seat in an election and had to lead from the hall until he got another seat in a by-election.
sitting in a running car with windows closed is any fumes released inside of car.
A by-election is held when the sitting member dies, becomes very ill, or in any way is unable to perform his/her duties.
The sitting vice president, Spiro T. Agnew, was once again Nixon's running mate in 1972. They won the election, but Agnew served only until October 1973, when he agreed to resign when facing criminal charges.
Yes they can serve two terms
In 1980, Jimmy Carter became the first since 1932 to lose his re-election bid.In 1976, Gerald Ford became the first incumbent to lose since 1932. However, he was not running for re-election since he was not elected the first time.Lyndon Johnson chose not to run in 1968 and so avoided the likelihood of losing a reelection bid.
a Lame Duck. or A still-in-office-president.
Because it's sitting in the sun.