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There are two ways to know the formula of a chemical compound. Either it is already written on the bottle in which you obtained it, or it is an unknown compound in which case you can perform an analysis which can be simple or complicated depending upon the nature of the chemical that you are analysing. Normally, if the compound is truly unknown, you first test for the presence of the cyanide radical, since you do not want to accidentally release deadly cyanogen gas. The indicator is the ferric ion, which will turn bright red if it combines with the cyanide ion. After that, there are lots of other tests you can perform. Lots and lots.
no
A simple solubility test can be used to identify an unknown substance. Most substance will make a precipitate when around certain molecules.
A biochemical test is a test used mainly in microbiology with the main intention of detecting enzyme production. Biochemical tests can also, when used correctly, further narrow the search when looking at identifying an unknown microbe. The biochemical tests can narrow the search down to a specific genus and possibly even the species of the unknown microbe. In most cases when identification of an unknown microbe is needed, the microbe will usually be a bacterium.
I suspect you mean the scientific method. Briefly outlined, the scientific method consists of the following tasks: Specify a testable null and an alternative hypothesis based on preliminary tests and observations. Design tests that will determine the validity of the null hypothesis to a specified degree of confidence. Collect data and observations for the tests according to requirements of tests and data sample spaces. Test the hypothesis using collected data and observations. Make conclusions and report on the validity (or not) of the hypothesis. Make recommendation for further studies or applications of the experimental results.
If you can isolate the compound individually first, that's the best thing. Further to this, anion and cation tests will tell you what kind of salt it is. There are also tests to determine simple sugars.
Because the substance could potentially be extremely toxic or harmful. You must never use an unknown substance in experiments without identifying it first, many tests can be undertaken to determine the cation and anion. These tests include the flame test, solubility tests, precipitate reaction tests and conductivity tests. These do vary depending on the unknown substance.
From my previous lab, i'm assuming it's the same, there are 4 tests: monosaccharaide, starch, lipid, and protein. If a sugar cube is to be placed into the unknown solution and then tested by the 4 tests, there would be NO affect: * Note: Some will think that placing a sugar cube into the solution will change the results of the monosaccharaide test, but there won't be. Remember, the monosaccharide only tests positive in the presence of a monosaccharaide, but sucrose is a DISACCHARIDE, so there will be no affect. As for the other tests, they are indicators of starch, lipids, and proteins, again, nothing else. Therefore, sugar has no affect on the results whatsoever.
Treponemal antibody tests are used to rule out false-positive results on reagin tests.
statistical tests
Forensic drug testing is to identify unknown powders, liquids and pills that may be illicit drugs. There are basically two categories of forensic tests used to analyze drugs and other unknown substances. They are Presumptive tests and Confirmatory tests.
If you get two lines
It tests for the presence of starches in an organic compound..
Yes; it is possible, but not likely, to get false results.
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