Renin
Angiotensin is activated by a renal enzyme called
The kidneys secrete a variety of hormones, including erythropoietin, and the enzyme renin. Erythropoietin is released in response to hypoxia (low levels of oxygen at tissue level) in the renal circulation. It stimulates erythropoiesis (production of red blood cells) in the bone marrow. Calcitriol, the activated form of vitamin D, promotes intestinal absorption of calcium and the renal reabsorption of phosphate. Part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, renin is an enzyme involved in the regulation of aldesterone levels.
In the presence of renal artery stenosis, the resistance in the afferent arteriole is increased. As compensation, Angiotensin II acts to constrict the efferent arteriole in order to achieve adequate profusion of the glomerulus. ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II. Without its vasoconstrictive effect, the efferent arteriole becomes dilated. This leads to a drop in GFR and may lead to renal failure.
Hyperkalemia. Captopril is an ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitor which has various actions on the cardiovascular and renal systems. One of these actions in inhibition of the formation of Angiotensin II and aldosterone. Aldosterone acts to increase sodium (and water) reabsoprtion in the collecting duct of the nephron. In this process potassium is excreted. If aldosterone release is inhibited by Captopril then sodium reabsorption is decreased and potassium remains in the blood, leading to hyperkalemia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
renal columns
The enzyme streptokinase may be given to help dissolve the renal clot. Anticoagulant medications are usually prescribed to prevent clots from recurring.
renal columns
the renal columns
Mattias Aurell has written: 'Renal response in man to plasma volume expansion and angiotensin' -- subject(s): Angiotensins, Blood volume, Kidney function tests
The Renal CortexThe renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney.The outer part of the kidney is the renal cortex.It is called the renal cortexcortex